Ventral Surgical Approach to the Caudal Brain Stem in Dogs

Klopp, Lisa S.; Simpson, Stephen T.; Sorjonen, Donald C.; Lenz, Stephen D.

doi:10.1053/jvet.2000.17851

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Surgery is often not feasible because of location and size of the tumor. Forebrain and caudodorsal cerebellum or medulla masses can be accessible, unlike masses found in the brainstem or hypothalamic region . Morbidity associated with brain surgery, particularly in the caudal fossa and brainstem, can be quite high; reported complications include hemorrhage, pneumocephalus, increased intracranial pressure, seizures, brain herniation, infections and aspiration pneumonia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereotactic radiation therapy for treatment of canine intracranial meningiomas

Griffin

Nolan

Selmic

et al. 2014

Vet Comparative Oncology

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The objective of this study is to determine the rate of toxicity, median survival time (MST) and prognostic factors in dogs with presumed intracranial meningiomas that were treated with stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT). Patient demographics, neurological history, details of SRT plans and response to treatment (including toxicity and survival times) were examined for potential prognostic factors. Overall MST (MST) due to death for any cause was 561 days. There was a mild to moderate exacerbation of neurological symptoms 3-16 weeks following SRT treatments in 11/30 (36.7%) of dogs. This presumed adverse event was treated with corticosteroids, and improvement was seen in most of these dogs. Death within 6 months of treatment as a result of worsening neurologic signs was seen in 4/30 (13.3%) of dogs. Volume of normal brain that received full dose at a prescription of 8Gy × 3 fractions was predictive of death due to neurological problems within this 6-month period.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereotactic radiation therapy for treatment of canine intracranial meningiomas

Griffin

Nolan

Selmic

et al. 2014

Vet Comparative Oncology

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“…16 Tumors occur commonly in dogs, but the incidence and natural history have not been established. 19 The present work demonstrates that four rodent cell lines that efficiently colonize supratentorial regions of the brain efficiently grow in the brainstem. The inoculations produce reproducible survival curves, which is an essential prerequisite to efficacy studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Klopp and coworkers recently demonstrated an elegant surgical approach to the caudal brainstem in dogs. 19 Their report provides a necessary step in tumor research, that is, the availability of canine or nonhuman primate models to bridge the gap between rodent studies and safety studies in humans.…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental Rodent Models of Brainstem Tumors

Tyler

Sukay

et al. 2002

Vet Pathol

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Abstract. Despite recent advances in surgical technology, resection is not an option for many brainstem tumors. Experimental models have played essential roles in examining new approaches to therapy. The objective of the present study was to generate models by determining coordinates for safe inoculation into the brainstem of mice and rats, and to establish whether the implantation of heterotopic cells would create reproducible survival curves. Morbidity and survival studies were used to map stereotactic coordinates allowing successful inoculation of tumor cells. Survival studies were used to investigate the time course of tumor growth. Tumor location was examined by light microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging. Mice survived injections of 2 L of saline at interaural, lateral, and depth coordinates of Ϫ2.5, 1.0, and 3.5 mm and Ϫ1.5, 1.0, and 3.5 mm. Rats survived injections at interaural, lateral, and depth coordinates of Ϫ2.0, 2.0, and 7.0 mm and Ϫ3.0, 0, and 7.0 mm. Median survival of mice challenged with 5 ϫ 10 5 EMT6 and 10 4 B16 tumor cells was 11 and 10 days, respectively. Median survival for rats challenged with 10 4 9L and F98 cells was 14 and 13 days, respectively. The present study demonstrates a feasible approach to preparing models of brainstem tumors. Limitations of these models are discussed.

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“…A ventro-caudal approach to the brainstem and cranial cervical cord was performed to reach the tumour, and provided limited access to the caudal brainstem and cranial cervical medulla. This approach was previously described in four experimental dogs but, to our knowledge, it has not been used or described in clinical cases in the veterinary literature (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%