Ventilation for Control of the Work Environment

Burgess, William A.; Ellenbecker, Michael J.; Treitman, Robert D.

doi:10.1002/0471667056

Cited by 48 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…The appropriate governing equations for the gas flow are the incompressible Nervier Stokes Equation (NSE) for a single phase flow obtained from the conservation of mass and momentum described by Caiting et al [10].…”

Section: B Mathematical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where k is the turbulent kinetic energy, ε is the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate; μ t is viscosity coefficient of turbulent flow while δ k , δ ε , c 1 , c 2 are constants; c 1 = 1.44, c 2 = 1.92, δ k = 1.0, δ ε = 1.3 [10]. The standard k-ε model was based on the hypothesis of the isotropic eddy-viscosity, which was modeled through the flow fields of the turbulent kinetic energy and the specific dissipation rate.…”

Section: International Journal Of Environmental Science and Developmementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Flow Behavior Simulation with Computational Fluid Dynamics in Spray Tower Scrubber

Bayatian¹,

Ashouri²,

Mahmoudkhani³

2016

IJESD

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Abstract-Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) uses numerical methods and algorithms to solve and analyze problems that involve fluid flows. This paper describes the application of a commercial CFD code, to Simulation of Flow Behavior within Spray Tower Scrubber, focusing on silica particles. First a ventilation system was designed and constructed for pilot study. It was designed according to velocity pressure method balanced system design stated by VS-15-01 recommendation offered by ACGIH. Fluent package of Ansys, Inc is used to model and simulate this problem. Efficiency of inhalable pollutant particle collection has increased (P-Value < 0.05) with the increase of the flow rate. Also, with increase in the flow rate, collection efficiency of particles was increases (P-Value< 0.05). From the simulation experimentations, the residuals do a very good job of converging at approximately 2460 iterations at inlet velocities of 11.176 m/s. In general, the CFD simulation can improve efficiency, reduce cost, and shorten experimental periods. It can also provide insights for optimal equipment design. With the increase of water flow rate the collection efficiency of inhalable and non-inhalable particles of silica particles increases. This is due to the increase of surface contact of water droplets with pollutant, which has caused the efficiency of the system. Future work should focuses on an improved prediction of droplet size distribution in order to enhance dust-capturing calculation.Index Terms-Silica, CFD, spray tower scrubber.

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Section: B Mathematical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: International Journal Of Environmental Science and Developmementioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Behavior Simulation with Computational Fluid Dynamics in Spray Tower Scrubber

Bayatian¹,

Ashouri²,

Mahmoudkhani³

2016

IJESD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…(1) (Burgess, Ellenbecker, and Treitman, 2004) Where: Once the value for C max was solved, the desirable spore concentration on each coupon was determined.…”

Section: Particle Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decontamination of Bioaerosols within Engineering Tolerances of Aircraft Materials

Frazey¹,

Reynolds²

2012

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DECONTAMINATION OF BIOAEROSOLS WITHIN ENGINEERING TOLERANCES OF AIRCRAFT MATERIALSBacillus anthracis spores are generally considered the most difficult biological agents to decontaminate or inactivate. Inactivation of these spores is further complicated on aircraft because engineering specifications do not allow for chemical disinfectants to be used. Aircraft, however, must meet strict engineering specifications, requiring extended storage at temperatures greater than 185° F at 100% relative humidity (RH). Heat and humidity near these levels have been tested to determine if they can inactivate spores; however, these studies have only evaluated spores in high concentrations (10 6 spores) on aluminum coupons. This dissertation research was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of high heat and humidity on Bacillus atrophaeus subsp globigii (BG) spores, a simulant commonly used for Bacillus anthracis, when delivered via three different methods onto two different materials.In Chapter 2, an innovative bioaerosol deposition chamber design and testing is described. The test chamber was designed to deposit Bacillus atrophaeus subsp globigii (BG) spores onto coupons modeling real aircraft components. Deposition equations were derived to model the spore deposition. Initial deposition tests with fluorescent particles were inconclusive because the limit of quantification could not be reached; therefore, the BG spores were used to test deposition. Initial tests demonstrated the parameters that could be manipulated throughout the experiments to control the spore deposition. After these were evaluated, four final tests were completed to perform more in-depth statistical analysis. The coefficients of variation for these tests were within acceptable ranges (all were 25.5% or less). Ryan-Joiner tests were performed iii on the data and showed that 2 of the 4 tests displayed a lognormal distribution, while the other 2 tests were inconclusive. All data was therefore treated as a lognormal distribution. Contour plots were then constructed to determine if a discernible pattern was present. While these contour plots showed a somewhat even dispersion, there were no discernible patterns.Additionally, the plots showed a wide range of spore deposition throughout the four tests.Finally, the equations derived for spore deposition were validated. The data showed that 8.67%up to 31.0% (average of 20.25%) of the spores modeled could actually deposit and be recovered through culture methods. These losses could have occurred during the nebulization through inactivation or clumping after the spores were aerosolized. Regardless, this showed that the equations could be used after accounting for these losses. The study demonstrated that the test chamber can be used for spore depositions with the caveat that future studies include an appropriate control coupon next to each sample.In Chapter 3, decontamination of aluminum coupons was evaluated using the BG spores inoculated in three different methods-high direct inoculation (10 6 spores per c...

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“…The rectangular drug vault supply duct (17.5 × 20 inches) had five insertion points, the rectangular office supply duct (8 × 12 inches) had three insertion points, and the square exhaust duct on the negative pressure side of the fan (22 × 22 inches) had four insertion points. Measurement locations in the duct were determined using the log-linear method for round ducts and the log Chebyshev method for rectangular ducts [Burgess et al 2004]. …”

Section: Ventilation Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-2010-0017-3133, evaluation of police officers' exposures to chemicals while working inside a drug vault - Kentucky.

2011

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Ventilation for Control of the Work Environment

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

Flow Behavior Simulation with Computational Fluid Dynamics in Spray Tower Scrubber

Flow Behavior Simulation with Computational Fluid Dynamics in Spray Tower Scrubber

Decontamination of Bioaerosols within Engineering Tolerances of Aircraft Materials

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-2010-0017-3133, evaluation of police officers' exposures to chemicals while working inside a drug vault - Kentucky.

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