Venom of ectoparasitoid, Euplectrus sp. near plathypenae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) regulates the physiological state of Pseudaletia separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) host as a food resource

Nakamatsu, Yutaka; Tanaka, Toshiharu

doi:10.1016/s0022-1910(02)00261-5

Cited by 83 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However this long-term upregulation of general immunity depletes resources and comes with a metabolic cost, seen as a reduced adult haemolymph protein load in immune-challenged individuals. Protein load of the haemolymph has been used as an adequate indicator of physiological metabolic condition (Ozbay & Riley 2002;Nakamatsu & Tanaka 2003) and disease resistance (Adamo 2004) in invertebrates. Nymphal nutritional condition positively affected lysozyme activity, while there was no effect on the proPO cascade.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To obtain a measure of physiological condition we assessed the total protein load of the haemolymph (Ozbay & Riley 2002;Nakamatsu & Tanaka 2003). The concentration of total protein was determined photometrically in 5 ml of diluted haemolymph, using the test solution Roti Nanoquant (K 880.1, Carl Roth GmbH & Co., Karlsruhe, Germany), following the protocol of the manufacturer.…”

Section: (F) Haemolymph Protein Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Juvenile immune system activation induces a costly upregulation of adult immunity in field cricketsGryllus campestris

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inducible immune defence may allow organisms a state-dependent upregulation of costly immunity in order to minimize the risk of anticipated future parasitism. The basic costs of elevated immune activity might involve a reduction in other fitness-related traits as well as an increased risk of immunopathology. In male field crickets Gryllus campestris we experimentally investigated the condition-dependent effects of immune system activation in nymphs on immunity and physiological condition during adulthood. Following a nymphal injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, adult males showed significantly elevated levels of two major immune parameters, i.e. haemolymph antibacterial activity and the concentration of prophenoloxidase (proPO). By contrast, the active enzyme, phenoloxidase (PO), did not increase, suggesting a strategic longterm upregulation of the inactive proenzyme proPO only. This may help avoid the cytotoxic effects associated with high standing levels of the active enzyme. The nymphal immune insult further caused a reduction in adult haemolymph protein load, suggesting a long-term decline in overall metabolic condition. Nymphal food availability positively affected adult lysozyme activity, while PO and proPO concentrations were not affected. Our data thus suggest the long-term upregulation of immunity in response to antigenic cues as an adaptive, yet costly, invertebrate strategy to improve resistance to future parasitism.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (F) Haemolymph Protein Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Juvenile immune system activation induces a costly upregulation of adult immunity in field cricketsGryllus campestris

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Por outro lado, densidades P. elaeisis acima de 10:1 reduziram a progênie por pupa, o que pode evidenciar interferência mútua entre fêmeas desse parasitoide. A injeção de excesso de partículas semelhantes a vírus, polidnaviroses, que interferem na capacidade de reconhecimento imunológico do hospedeiro (nakaMatsu;tanaka, 2003), pode ter causado a morte prematura das pupas de A. gemmatalis, antes que os imaturos de P. elaeisis completassem seu desenvolvimento.…”

Section: Densidadesunclassified

Densidade de fêmeas de Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare & LaSalle, 1993 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) para sua reprodução em pupas de Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, 1818 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A densidade de parasitoides por hospedeiro influencia nas suas principais características biológicas. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento do parasitoide Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare & LaSalle, 1993 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) em pupas de Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, 1818 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) expostas nas densidades de 1:1, 2:1, 4:1, 6:1, 8:1, 10:1 ou 12:1 parasitoides/hospedeiro, respectivamente. Os parasitoides permaneceram em contato com as pupas por 24 horas em tubos de vidro (14,0 x 2,2 cm), acondicionadas em câmara climatizada a 25 ± 1º C, 70 ± 10% de UR e fotofase de 14 horas. Observou-se 54,54 e 90,90% de pupas parasitadas nas densidades de 1:1 e 2:1, respectivamente, e 100,00% nas demais densidades com melhor índice de emergência (72,72%) na densidade 6:1. A duração do ciclo de vida (ovo-adulto) decresceu com o aumento da densidade de fêmeas e variou de 20 a 22 dias. A progênie variou de 16 a 225 descendentes por pupa, com melhor resultado na densidade 8:1. A razão sexual do parasitoide variou de 0,95 ± 0,00 a 0,97 ± 0,01, sem diferença significativa e o comprimento do corpo de fêmeas e de machos variou de 1,95 ± 0,02 a 2,22 ± 0,03 mm e de 1,49 ± 0,02 a 1,87 ± 0,01 mm, respectivamente. Seis a oito fêmeas de P. elaeisis por pupa de A. gemmatalis proporcionam maior emergência e progênie do parasitoide, viabilizando sua criação massal.

show abstract

“…Parasitic Hymenoptera obtain fatty acids by ingesting their hosts. The koinobiont larval ectoparasitoid Euplectrus separatae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) parasitizes Pseudaletia separate Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and grows by ingesting its hemolymph, which contains high lipid concentrations (Nakamatsu & Tanaka 2003. Norullahoglu et al (2004) studied the lipid content of the host and its koinobiont parasitoid Apantales galleriae Wilkinson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and found that total fatty acid content in the parasitoid's larvae was significantly greater than in the host caterpillars (parasitized or not).…”

Section: Larval Instars Both In Vivo and In Vitro-reared Parasitoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological, nutritional, and histochemical basis for improving an artificial diet for Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Magro¹,

Dias²,

Terra³

et al. 2006

Neotrop. Entomol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neotropical Entomology 35(2): 215-222 (2006) Bases Biológicas, Nutricionais e Histoquímicas para o Aprimoramento de Dieta Artificial para Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidade) PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Controle biológico, ácido graxo, idiobionte, exigência nutricional, proteínaABSTRACT -The biology of Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) reared on fifth instars of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (natural diet) and in vitro (artificial diet) was evaluated. Data on the number of instars, development time and food intake were collected, and histochemical tests were conducted to detect proteins and lipids in the parasitoid's digestive tract. The data disclosed differences that can help to improve artificial rearing of B. hebetor. B. hebetor had three instars in both diets, but the developmental time on the artificial diets was prolonged due to the increase in larval and pupal development times. Larvae grew faster on the natural host and required a lower food intake (2.7 μl) as compared to that required by the larvae feeding on the artificial diet (3.8 μl). Analysis of diet protein content and host hemolymph and the observations on the parasitoid larvae gut content indicated altogether the artificial diets requires the addition of others sources of proteins and lipids to improve the overall nutrition quality of the in vitro rearing system for this ectoparasitoid.

show abstract

Venom of ectoparasitoid, Euplectrus sp. near plathypenae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) regulates the physiological state of Pseudaletia separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) host as a food resource

Cited by 83 publications

References 37 publications

Juvenile immune system activation induces a costly upregulation of adult immunity in field cricketsGryllus campestris

Juvenile immune system activation induces a costly upregulation of adult immunity in field cricketsGryllus campestris

Densidade de fêmeas de Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare & LaSalle, 1993 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) para sua reprodução em pupas de Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, 1818 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Biological, nutritional, and histochemical basis for improving an artificial diet for Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About