Vehicular Communications: Survey and Challenges of Channel and Propagation Models

Abstract

Abstract-Vehicular communication is characterized by a dynamic environment, high mobility, and comparatively low antenna heights on the communicating entities (vehicles and roadside units). These characteristics make the vehicular propagation and channel modeling particularly challenging. In this survey paper, we classify and describe the most relevant vehicular propagation and channel models, with a particular focus on the usability of the models for the evaluation of protocols and applications. We first classify the models based on the propagation mechanisms they employ and their implementation approach. We also classify the models based on the channel properties they implement, where we pay special attention to the usability of the models, including the complexity of implementation, scalability, and the input requirements (e.g., geographical data input). We also discuss the less-explored aspects in the vehicular channel modeling, including modeling specific environments (e.g., tunnels, overpasses, parking lots) and types of communicating vehicles (e.g., scooters, public transportation vehicles). We conclude the paper by identifying the under-researched aspects of the vehicular propagation and channel modeling that require further modeling and measurement studies.

Fifth-Generation Technologies for the Connected Car: Capable Systems for Vehicle-to-Anything Communications

“…Two recent surveys of these models are available in [2] and [3]. Given the number of scenarios, environments, and classification of models w.r.t.…”

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Selective Mac for Obstacle Aware Cev Environmental Model for Vanet (V2v)

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Channel Modeling and Analysis for Radio Wave Propagation in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network

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