Vehicle energy efficiency evaluation from well-to-wheel lifecycle perspective

Kosai, Shoki; Nakanishi, Masaki; Yamasue, Eiji

doi:10.1016/j.trd.2018.09.011

Cited by 42 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Most existing studies on the transport energy consumption in cities have focused on the tank to wheel (TTW) energy consumption during the operational phase. Meanwhile, the significant impact of energy consumption during the manufacturing phase, especially material structure, has been widely highlighted [28,[42][43][44]. As such, this study considers energy consumption during the phases of material structure and operation among all lifecycle stages.…”

Section: Boundary Of Energy Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of roadways, Corolla Fielder (Toyota), LEAF (Nissan), PRIUS (Toyota) and MIRAI (Toyota) represent CV, electric vehicles (EV), hybrid vehicles (HV) and fuel cell vehicles (FCV), respectively. The data for each type was taken from the authors' previous research [28]. ERGA (Isuzu) represents buses and data was obtained from Kudo's work [49].…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, whether to include the weight of vehicle body in the calculation of intensity brings upon different trends of outcomes. The previous author's study [28], in which the transport energy efficiency of these automobile types was computed without considering the weight of vehicle body, showed the EV is the least efficient vehicle type.…”

Section: Transport Energy Intensity For Each Of the Transportation Meansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the major lifecycle approaches accounts for the entire fuel consumption covering from well to wheel (WTW) [27]. The WTW fuel consumption has been analyzed for various transportation modes including automobiles [28] (conventional vehicles [29], hybrid vehicles [30], electric vehicles [31] and fuel cell vehicles [32]), trains [33] and bicycles [34]. The other lifecycle approach accounts for the energy consumption during all lifecycle phases including manufacture, operation, maintenance, and end-of-life [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronological Transition of Relationship between Intracity Lifecycle Transport Energy Efficiency and Population Density

2020

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Interests in evaluating lifecycle energy use in urban transport have been growing as a research topic. Various studies have evaluated the relationship between the intracity transport energy use and population density and commonly identified its negative correlation. However, a diachronic transition in an individual city has yet to be fully analyzed. As such, this study employed transport energy intensity widely used for evaluating transport energy efficiency and obtained the transport energy intensity for each transportation means including walk, bicycle, automobile (conventional vehicles, electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles), bus and electric train by considering the lifecycle energy consumption. Then, the intracity lifecycle transport energy intensity of 38 cities in Japan in 1987–2015 was computed, assuming that the cause of diachronic transition of intracity transport energy efficiency is the modal shifting and electricity mix change. As a result, the greater level of population density was associated with the lower intracity transport energy intensity in Japanese cities. The negative slope of its regression line increased over time since the intracity lifecycle transport energy intensity in cities with low population density continuously increased without any significant change of population density. Finally, this study discussed the strategic implications particularly in regional areas to improve the intracity lifecycle transport energy efficiency.

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Section: Boundary Of Energy Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transport Energy Intensity For Each Of the Transportation Meansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronological Transition of Relationship between Intracity Lifecycle Transport Energy Efficiency and Population Density

2020

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“…In fact, following reports of the Department of Energy in the U.S.A. [8] and European Commission [9], interest in energy-mineral nexus has been currently growing as an interdisciplinary research topic [10] in response to resource constraints and drastic change of energy landscape [11]. Potential metal requirements and bottlenecks in the energy sector were investigated, providing various scenarios covering power mix on a basis of stringent greenhouse gas emission cuts [10] and power generation and automotive sectors [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Metal Criticality for Low-Carbon Power Generation Technologies in Japan

2019

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Given a potential increase in low-carbon power generation, assessing the criticality of metals used for its technologies is of significant importance. While several studies analyzed the metal criticality of an individual technology, the national metal criticality for a wide range of low-carbon power generation technologies and the comparison of overall criticality of each technology have yet to be fully evaluated. Therefore, this study firstly evaluates the criticality of 29 metals used in facilities for renewable energy and highly efficient thermal power generation in Japan and then compares the overall criticality for each technology to identify metals that might impose limitations on these technologies and to discuss measures for removal of factors hindering the spread of low-carbon power generation technologies. It was discovered that solar power generation technology is the most critical technology from the perspective of supply risk due to the use of indium, cadmium and selenium, while wind power generation is the most critical technology from the perspective of vulnerability to supply restriction because of the use of neodymium and dysprosium. A developed approach would have a significant potential to contributing to energy-mineral nexus, which may assist in providing policy implications from the perspectives of both specific metals and technologies.

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