Vehicle Effects in Percutaneous Absorption

Idson, Bernard

doi:10.3109/03602538308991389

Cited by 77 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Only solubilized drug can diffuse within the vehicle and contribute significantly to release rate (Idson, 1983). Testosterone is more soluble in EtOH and PG, compared to PBS, enhancing the penetration of testosterone through equine stratum corneum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle Effects on the In Vitro Penetration of Testosterone through Equine Skin

Mills

2006

Vet Res Commun

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The effects of three vehicles, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), ethanol (50% in PBS w/w) and propylene glycol (50% in PBS w/w) on in vitro transdermal penetration of testosterone was investigated in the horse. Skin was harvested from the thorax of five Thoroughbred horses after euthanasia and stored at -20 degrees C until required. The skin was then defrosted and placed into Franz-type diffusion cells, which were maintained at approximately 32 degrees C by a water bath. Saturated solutions of testosterone, containing trace amounts of radiolabelled [14C]testosterone, in each vehicle were applied to the outer (stratum corneum) surface of each skin sample and aliquots of receptor fluid were collected at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 20, 22 and 24 h and analysed for testosterone by scintillation counting. The maximum flux (Jmax) of testosterone was significantly higher for all sites when testosterone was dissolved in a vehicle containing 50% ethanol or 50% propylene glycol, compared to PBS. In contrast, higher residues of testosterone were found remaining within the skin when PBS was used as a vehicle. This study shows that variability in clinical response to testosterone could be expected with formulation design.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle Effects on the In Vitro Penetration of Testosterone through Equine Skin

Mills

2006

Vet Res Commun

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“…Dimethylsulfoxide vehicle enhanced percutaneous biopotency 10-fold, but plasma GnRH levels were not reported. Recent studies of this convenient and noninvasive route of drug administration (90,91) have demonstrated marked increases in skin absorption at certain anatomic sites such as the scrotum, scalp, and navel (92,93) and with the use of absorption-enhancing vehicles and occlusion (94). The hydrophobic and amphophilic properties of many of the recent GnRH analogs might be particularly favorable to percutaneous depot-release formulation and warrant further study.…”

Section: February 1986mentioning

confidence: 98%

Pharmacokinetics of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Its Analogs

Handelsman

Swerdloff

1986

Endocrine Reviews

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“…This fact is owed to the lesser or greater viscosity, respectively (Idson 1983). According to the experimental data, the release from PLO is growing throughout time, reaching the maximum transfer at 3 hr.…”

Section: In Vitro Releasementioning

confidence: 89%