Vegetative Stage of Strawberry Duration Determined by the Crop Year

Abstract

-Over the years, strawberry growth has shown alterations in its phenology, involving mainly the beginning of flowering and fruiting. The aim of this study was to verify whether the growth years influence the duration of strawberry vegetative and reproductive stages in protected environment. The development of the Camarosa strawberry cultivar was observed between 2007 and 2014. The crops were settled in a greenhouse in the Horticulture Sector at the University of Passo Fundo, RS. Data like transplant date, in the beginning and end of the fruits harvest; temperature data (maximum, average and minimum) were recorded in the growth environment. These data were used for the thermal sum calculation (daily, accumulated). The data analyses were carried out in a descriptive manner, relating the temperature data with the phenological stage of each year. The accumulated thermal sum that is necessary to begin the harvest was variable throughout the years, where it was between 383 and 438 degrees days -1 for plants with interval between transplant and harvest of 73 days (2008 and 2009)

Phenology and phyllochron of seven strawberry cultivars grown in substrate and greenhouse in the Brazilian subtropics

“…The photoassimilates produced in the leaves, which must be stored in the crown of the plants, are crucial for the production of strawberries. These reserves in the form of carbohydrates are associated with the temperatures recorded during the daughter plant development period, still in the nursery (Costa et al, 2017). Thus, the temperature conditions in which the daughter plants are developed must meet the needs of each cultivar (Hidaka et al, 2017) so that, right after the transplant, all the energy is directed to floral induction and, later, to fruiting (Torres-Quezada et al, 2015).…”

“…However, this process took place approximately 70 days after transplantation (Table 2). As Chilean nurseries do not provide producers with information related to the cold accumulation in the daughter plants, according to models to estimate the number of hours of cold in the conditions of Chilean Patagonia (Byrne & Bacon, 1992), where the mother plants are multiplied, the temperature may not be sufficient for the accumulation of cold necessary for anthesis to occur (Costa et al, 2017). This suggests that, after transplanting, 'Camino Real' and 'Fronteras' had to fulfill their requirement of accumulating cold hours to later start flowering.…”

“…flowering in strawberry cultivars classified as short-day (SD), neutral-day (ND), and long-day (LD) (Durner, 2016). These processes are directly related to the time of transplanting the daughter plants (Costa et al, 2017).…”

“…These changes may be related to the development of the daughter plant in the nursery, which needs cold hours to accumulate carbon in its crown and, after its transplant, to start the flowering process (Tazzo et al, 2015). However, Chilean and Argentinean nurseries do not provide producers with information regarding the accumulation of cold by daughter plants (Costa et al, 2017).…”

Phenology, production, and fruit quality of blackberry cultivars under greenhouse in southern Brazil

“…In a scenario where climate change is constant [6], crops with more rustic characteristics and management are gaining ground, as they can withstand adverse climatic conditions, such as frosts and periods of drought [7]. In addition to its hardiness and the high nutritional value of its fruit, blackberry has phenological characteristics that allow it to harvest two crops in one year, depending on pruning management, especially if the crop is grown in a greenhouse [8].…”