Vegetative Growth Control of Apple and Pear Trees With Ici Pp333 (Paclobutrazol) a Chemical Analog of Bayleton.

Williams, Max W.; Edgerton, L. J.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1983.137.11

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…The soil spray did not elicit a growth response in the year of application, but effectively retarded shoot growth during the next 2 years (Table 1) . Similar results for soil spray effectiveness have previously been reported [9,15,20,22] . The foliar spray without cover, on the other hand, had lost all of its vegetative control by 1988 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The foliar spray treatment of PP333, for example, was the only treatment to result in growth control within the year of application (Table 1) . Although PP333 foliar sprays have previously resulted in a response the first year of application [15], an effect was not usually evident until the second or third year following the initial treatment [4,18,20,22] . In each trial where first year effect of foliar-applied PP333 was noted [9,15], the compound was applied during or shortly after bloom (which was the case in the current study) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Growth inhibition characteristics (e .g . reduction in terminal shoot growth and reduced leaf size) have been reported for PP333 soil drenches [4,9,17,20], soil sprays [2,10,15,22] and foliar sprays [5,9,15,18,20] . The retardation of vegetative growth has also been shown via nutrient solution root-feeding [3,13,16,19] and trunk painting [9] or direct injection [14,22] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitors such as paclobutrazol or PP333 (commercial trade names 'Cultar', 'Bonzi', `Clipper') have been shown to be potent growth retardants in tree fruit crops, especially pears [4,10,20] and apples [9,12,13,[15][16][17] . Inhibition of vegetative growth associated with PP333 treatment has been closely tied to the method of application .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of method of application of paclobutrazol on soil residues and growth retardation in a ?Starkrimson-Delicious? apple orchard

et al. 1990

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A 3-year field study was conducted to determine the influence of mode of application of the gibberellin-inhibitor paclobutrazol (PP333), [(2RS,3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4 triazol-l-yl)pentan-3-ol], on PP333 soil residue levels and vegetative growth retardation of 10-year-old 'Starkrimson Delicious' (Malus Domestica Borkh .) spur-type apple trees . Treatments were applied in March, 1986 and consisted of foliar or soil sprays (200 ppm, 7 x applications at petal fall (+) 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks) or a single soil drench (8 .2g A .I./tree) applied to the collar at petal fall . Foliar sprays were applied with and without a plastic ground cover to evaluate the influence of foliar runoff on the degree of soil absorption and its subsequent effect on vegetative growth . PP333 was extracted over a 3 year period (1986-88) from 400cm 2 soil patches located at the drip line of each tree, with the exception of soil drenches which were sampled near the collar . PP333 soil extracts were purified and quantitatively analyzed by HPLC . PP333 soil residue levels following foliar sprays were comparable to the soil spray treatment for each year and decreased at a rate of 50% per year from 1986-1988 . Foliar sprays retarded terminal growth in the year of application, whereas the soil spray did not inhibit growth until the following year . PP333 residue levels were highest in the soil drench where growth retardation was evident in 1987 and 1988 . The greatest carry-over effect occurred in the soil treatments, especially the soil drench application which resulted in the highest soil residue rates throughout the 3 year period .

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of method of application of paclobutrazol on soil residues and growth retardation in a ?Starkrimson-Delicious? apple orchard

et al. 1990

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“…It may be that paclobutrazol induced the formation of "aerenchyma-like" roots in sweet orange which increased the ability of the plants to withstand flooded soil conditions. In apple, paclobutrazol has shown considerable promise for controlling excessive shoot growth and improving fruit set and quality (Williams and Edgerton 1983, Williams 1984, Miller and Swietlik 1986, Greene 1991. Similarly, this growth retardant decreases vegetative growth in citrus and may be useful for developing high-density, dwarf-tree citrus orchards, as well as reducing pruning costs.…”

Section: A T a F R O M T H I S A N D R E L A T E D S T U D I E S ( mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and photosynthesis of sweet orange plants treated with paclobutrazol

Yelenosky

1992

J Plant Growth Regul

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Abstract. Paclobutrazol [(2RS,3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-l-yl)pentan-3-ol], formulated as GFU 265, applied at 100, 250, and 500 mg plant-~ to the soil of container-grown sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Valencia], suppressed plant weight, stem height, leaf size, and total leaf area. At the 500-mg dosage, total plant dry weight was reduced by 61%, stem height by 74%, and both leaf biomass and area by 80%, as compared to control plants. All paclobutrazol dosages induced fibrous root thickening and increased their soluble sugar and starch content. Fresh root biomass was 14 to 40% higher and root:shoot ratios were increased three-to sixfold for treated plants. Paclobutrazol applications of 250 and 500 mg plant-1 reduced leaf photosynthetic rate, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase activity, total nonstructural carbohydrates, and dark respiration 70 to 80% of the control plants. Reductions of leaf photosynthetic rate, carboxylase activity, and photosynthate by paclobutrazol contributed to biomass reduction in treated sweet orange.Plant growth regulators have potential for manipulating growth of many agricultural crops. In citrus, compounds eliciting responses in tree growth and acclimatization to environmental stresses are of potential importance to commercial growers (Yelenosky 1985). Several plant growth regulators have been examined for their potential for controlling excessive shoot growth and for enhancing cold acclimation in citrus trees (Aron et al. 1985, Krezdorn Mention of a trademark, warranty, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that may also be suitable.and Cohen 1962, Lima and Davies 1984, Yelenosky 1985. Such compounds can influence a variety of physiological and biochemical processes; however, there is limited information available on these processes in citrus.The present study was conducted to evaluate the responses of sweet orange plants to paclobutrazol [(2RS,3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-l-yl)pentan-3-ol], an inhibitor of gibberellin synthesis. We focus on growth and some critical physiological processes associated with the tolerance of sweet orange to soil-applied paclobutrazol. Reduction of vegetative growth by this compound has been reported in a number of fruit tree species (Davis et al. 1988). Materials and Methods Plant Materials and Growth ConditionsSeeds of sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Valencia] were germinated in 2.5-L plastic pots containing washed sand. Potted plants were grown in a greenhouse, watered daily, and fertilized biweekly with 500 ml of a 1.5% solution of 15-7-7 (N-P-K) liquid fertilizer per pot. During the study period, maximum day and minimum night temperatures inside the greenhouse were 32 and 20~ respectively, and relative humidity fluctuated from 50 (day) to 90% (night). The photosynthetic active radiation (PAR, 400-700 nm) inside the greenhouse was ab...

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Cold Hardiness in Citrus

Yelenosky

1985

Horticultural Reviews

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Vegetative Growth Control of Apple and Pear Trees With Ici Pp333 (Paclobutrazol) a Chemical Analog of Bayleton.

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of method of application of paclobutrazol on soil residues and growth retardation in a ?Starkrimson-Delicious? apple orchard

Influence of method of application of paclobutrazol on soil residues and growth retardation in a ?Starkrimson-Delicious? apple orchard

Growth and photosynthesis of sweet orange plants treated with paclobutrazol

Cold Hardiness in Citrus

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