Vegetables in the System of Ensuring Food Security of Russia

Abstract

The results of vegetable production in recent years in the world and the Russian Federation are shown. The countries in which there was a significant change in the indicators of vegetable production are listed. The global indicators of the most important types of vegetable crops are given. The shares of the countries – the main leading vegetable producers – in the world gross harvest of vegetable products are allocated. Indicators of the size of the acreage, gross harvest and productivity in administrative districts are analyzed. The leading subjects of the Federation on these indicators are named. The collection of commercial vegetables in General and in the categories of vegetable producers. Given the share of Russia in world production of vegetables according to cultivated area, gross yield and basic types of vegetable production. It is established that the capacity of the domestic market is high and options for increasing production in the vegetable sector are proposed. The most important reasons constraining production of qualitative competitive vegetable production are designated, and also recommendations for their decision are given. The generalized results of longterm experiments allowing to pass to a new level of productivity of production of vegetables are shown. The level of influence of degradation of arable land on productivity and efficiency of vegetable growing is specified. The analysis of differentiation of districts and subjects of the Federation on the per capita consumption of vegetables, based on their own production and interregional exchange of vegetable products, taking into account imports from other countries. Consumption of vegetable production in districts and subjects of the Federation is presented. The shares of imports in the interregional exchange and to the volume of own production of vegetable products are calculated. The volume of imports is shown in real and value terms (in us dollars).

Efficiency of application of water-soluble fertilizers in various doses when growing watermelon under the conditions of the Volgograd region

“…Введение О вощная продукция имеет большое значение в развитии агропромышленного комплекса Российской Федерации, а также в обеспечении продовольственной безопасности страны. Национальный норматив потребления овощебахчевой продукции на сегодняшний день достигнут только в семи субъектах федерации [1]. Бахчевая продукция, в силу своих биологических особенностей, занимает особое место среди овощной продукции.…”

Changes in the sweet pepper fruits quality indicators during storage taking into account agricultural cultivation technology

“…Modern food doctrine recognizes fruits and vegetables as important components of a healthy diet with a wide range and high content of biologically active substances. In this connection, their year-round presence in the diet is especially important [1,12].…”

“…The choice of safe growing technologies and irrigation systems, as well as the 1069 (2022) 012039 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1069/1/012039 2 selection of the vegetable crops most productive and adaptive varieties and hybrids, plays an important role in stabilizing yields. Drip irrigation is promising due to the maintenance of optimal water-air and nutrient regimes in the root-inhabited layer of soil, contributing to obtaining high yields [5,7,12,16].…”

Assessment of water footprint of vegetable crops

“…Овощная продукция очень скоропортящаяся, а растения чувствительны к непредсказуемым и экстремальным изменениям климата. Овощи на 80-95% состоят из воды, при этом урожай и качество продукции часто страдают от засухи [ [1,2,3].…”