VC@C composites derived from polyoxovanadate assisted by dicyandiamide as low-cost platinum-free counter electrode electrocatalyst for dye-sensitized solar cells

Facile Fabrication of an SnSx‐SnO2‐Decorated Cobalt Sulfide Film as an Effective Counter Electrode for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

“…Among these, the redox reaction corresponding to the left redox peaks involves I 3 À + 2e À Ð3I À . [31] While the redox reaction corresponding to the right redox peaks is 3I 2 + 2e À Ð2I 3…”

“…In the left redox peaks, two parameters are crucial for the analysis, including peak-to-peak potential separation (E pp ) and the reduction peak current density (j J Red j). [31,32] Generally, high electrocatalytic performance is accompanied with low E pp and high j J Red j values. From Figure 3(a), the j J Red j value of as-prepared CEs obeys the following order: SnS x -SnO 2 -decorated CoS x > CoS x > Pt.…”

“…Furthermore, the DSSC based on SnS x -SnO 2 -decorated CoS x CE possesses a large V oc value, which can be attributed to the decrease in backward reactions. [31] The main reason for the decrease of J sc lies in the high transmittance for SnS x -SnO 2 -decorated CoS x CE. The decrease of FF is primarily attributed to the large R s and R ct values for the DSSC based on SnS x -SnO 2 -decorated CoS x CE.…”

“…Obviously, all CV curves show two pairs of redox peaks. Among these, the redox reaction corresponding to the left redox peaks involves I 3 − +2e − $${{\stackrel{ {\leftarrow} } { {\rightarrow} } } }$$ 3I − [31] . While the redox reaction corresponding to the right redox peaks is 3I 2 +2e − $${{\stackrel{ {\leftarrow} } { {\rightarrow} } } }$$ 2I 3 − [32] .…”

“…According to the main function of CEs, the left redox peaks are analyzed to evaluate the electrocatalytic activity. In the left redox peaks, two parameters are crucial for the analysis, including peak‐to‐peak potential separation (E pp ) and the reduction peak current density (|J Red |) [31,32] . Generally, high electrocatalytic performance is accompanied with low E pp and high |J Red | values.…”