Vasodilatation of the Rat Testis in Response to Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

Hartman, Carl G.; Millman, Nathan; Stavorski, John M.

doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)30306-5

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hyperaemia, in the sense of increased amount of blood in a tissue, can be due to vasodilatation with no change in blood flow, but there is evidence that HCG and LH increase blood flow (Wurtman, 1964;Janson, 1975) as well as producing hyperaemia (Zondek, Sulman & Black, 1945) in the ovary. It has already been shown that HCG also causes vasodilatation in the testis (Hartman, Millman & Stavorski, 1950) but most authors believe that HCG has little immediate effect on testicular blood flow (for reviews see Setchell 1970Setchell , 1978; see also Damber & Janson, 1978). The present results at the shorter times after injection of HCG support this conclusion, but at 16 and 20 h after hormone treatment blood flow was increased to a small but significant extent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Effect of Injected Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin on Capillary Permeability, Extracellular Fluid Volume and the Flow of Lymph and Blood in the Testes of Rats

Setchell¹,

Sharpe²

1981

Journal of Endocrinology

146

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The subcutaneous injection of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) into adult male rats caused appreciable rises in capillary permeability and lymph flow in the testis, accompanied by smaller rises in the volume of extratubular, extracellular fluid. Most of these changes were already apparent 8 h after injection, but became progressively greater during the next 12 h. Testicular blood flow was unchanged at 12 h but increased slightly between 12 and 6 h after injection. The primary effect is probably the increase in capillary permeability. The timing of these changes suggests that HCG does not affect the capillaries directly, but it would seem that the changes are due to some substances secreted by the testis in response to the HCG. It is clear that these changes will have important influences both on the access to the testicular cells of peptide hormones in the blood and also on the passage into the venous blood of hormones secreted by the testis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Effect of Injected Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin on Capillary Permeability, Extracellular Fluid Volume and the Flow of Lymph and Blood in the Testes of Rats

Setchell¹,

Sharpe²

1981

Journal of Endocrinology

146

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…From the point of view of local control of the testis, the potentially most important effect is the ability ofLH (and ofhuman chorionic gonadotrophin, hCG) to increase testicular blood flow. Unfortunately, the physiological significance of this effect of LH/hCG is itself obscure because it takes 16 h to appear and the change in blood flow is of small magnitude (Damber, Selstam & Wang, 1981;Setchell & Sharpe, 1981; but see also Hartman, Millman & Stavorski, 1950;Setchell, 1970). In the short-term LH appears to have no major effect on testicular blood flow in a variety of mammals (Free, 1977;Setchell, 1978), although it may cause a small but rapid decrease in testicular vascular resistance in rats (Damber & Janson, 1978).…”

Section: Testicular Bloodflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Control of Testicular Function

Sharpe

1983

Exp Physiol

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review has shown that local control of testicular function exists at three different levels. (1) Regulation of the entry of substances into the testis via the operation of selective barriers at the level of the capillary endothelium, myoid layer and Sertoli cell tight junctions, and by control of the rate of interstitial fluid formation which is the medium for transport into and within the testis. These mechanisms permit the creation of specific micro‐environments around the Leydig cells and outside of the seminiferous tubules as well as within the tubules, prerequisites for the local interaction and communication summarized below. (2) Regulation of spermatogenesis by co‐ordination of changes in hormone responsiveness and function of the Sertoli cells with the requirements of the associated germ cells, this varying according to the stage of the spermatogenic cycle. These changes involve regulation of germ cell multiplication, their differentiation and translocation from the basal to the adluminal compartment of the seminiferous tubule and their release into the lumen. (3) Interaction between the seminiferous tubules and the Leydig cells via various factors. The purpose of this interaction is not certain but in the prepubertal testis it probably co‐ordinates development of the tubules and Leydig cells, whilst in the adult testis it probably functions to regulate the steroidogenic responsiveness of the Leydig cells in accordance with the stage‐dependent requirements of the adjacent seminiferous tubules. Local control mechanisms within the testis therefore appear to co‐ordinate the function of the different cell types in the two testicular compartments and, as this is essential for normal function of the testis, the importance of local factors is self‐evident. In each of the three areas there is still only limited information as to the precise operation of the various mechanisms and even less is known about the identity of the co‐ordinating agents. But, as most of the available information derives only from the last three years, the gaps in our knowledge are to be expected and it is certain that the next few years will see major advances in this area. If the interpretation of the data offered in this review proves accurate then we are on the threshold of a revolution in our understanding of the control of testicular function, and of spermatogenesis in particular. This can only lead to improved methods for regulation of fertility in the male.

show abstract

“…The effect of hCG on blood flow to the testis is more clear-cut. Using a morphological technique, Hartman et al (1950) reported that hCG induced testicular hyperaemia in the rat, and more recent studies have shown an hCGinduced increase in testicular blood flow after 16-24 h (Setchell & Sharpe 1981;Damber et al 1981). That gonadotrophins also play a possible role in the regulation of normal testicular blood flow is supported by the observations that relative testicular blood flow is decreased after hypophysectomy in mice (Bindon & Waites 1968) and rats (Setchell et al 1969).…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of human chorionic gonadotrophin, oestradiol and estromustine on testicular blood flow in hypophysectomized rats

Daehlin¹,

Damber²,

Selstam³

et al. 1985

Int J of Andrology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), eostradiol benzoate (E2) and estromustine (Eo) on testicular and prostatic blood flow and plasma levels of testosterone were studied in hypophysectomized rats. Daily injections of 5 IU hCG induced a significant increase in testicular blood flow when measured after 8-9 days treatment. This stimulatory effect was inhibited by concomitant injection of E2 (50 micrograms/day) but not by Eo. In contrast, the stimulatory effect of hCG on plasma levels of testosterone was inhibited by administration of E2 as well as by Eo. This inhibition was correlated with decreased blood flow to the prostate. The present study gives further support to the hypothesis the oestrogens have direct effects on the testis and prostate.

show abstract

Vasodilatation of the Rat Testis in Response to Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of Injected Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin on Capillary Permeability, Extracellular Fluid Volume and the Flow of Lymph and Blood in the Testes of Rats

Effect of Injected Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin on Capillary Permeability, Extracellular Fluid Volume and the Flow of Lymph and Blood in the Testes of Rats

Local Control of Testicular Function

Effects of human chorionic gonadotrophin, oestradiol and estromustine on testicular blood flow in hypophysectomized rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About