Vascular plants census linked to the biodeterioration process of the Portuguese city of Mazagan in El Jadida, Morocco

Dahmani, Jamila; Benharbit, Meriem; Fassar, Mohamed; Hajila, Rabia; Zidane, Lahcen; Magri, Najib; Belahbib, Nadia

doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2018.10.015

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In fact, we recorded the highest HI values both on north-and south-facing slopes, where, moreover, mineral salt and nutrient availabilities in the two embankments promote plant proliferation. The damage caused by ruderal plants on monuments is linked to the life forms that significantly affect the Hazard Index [40], and it is mainly related to the characteristics of the root system [63]. We found that the four species with the highest dangerous impact are woody plants all belonging to Phanerophytes, characterized by strong and deep root systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Analysis of Biodeteriogens on Architectural Heritage. An Approach of Applied Botany on a Gothic Building in Southern Italy

2021

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The degradation of stone materials depends on several interlinked factors. The effects caused by biodeteriogens on mineral-based substrates are now increasingly considered in the field of cultural heritage conservation from different experimental approaches. In this study, biodeteriogenic micro- and macroflora within the gothic building of Santa Maria della Pietà, Squillace, Calabria, have been analyzed using multiple approaches, such as optical microscopy and molecular techniques. All 17 plant species detected are usually widespread in Mediterranean regions and some of these, such as Ailanthus altissima and Ficus carica, showed a very high hazard index, which is potentially dangerous for masonry stability. Fungi, cyanobacteria, and green algae were identified within biofilm compositions in a total of 23 different taxa, showing many similarities with microbial associations commonly found in cave and hypogean environments. All of the 11 fungal taxa detected belong to Ascomycota phylum, with Penicillium as the most represented genus. Photoautotrophic organisms are mostly represented by filamentous genera, with widespread presence of Leptolyngbya as the most abundant genus. The results highlighted how the singular environmental conditions of the study site, combined with the architectural features and the building materials, determined all the degradation phenomena affecting the building’s internal surfaces, compromising over time the structural integrity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Analysis of Biodeteriogens on Architectural Heritage. An Approach of Applied Botany on a Gothic Building in Southern Italy

2021

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“…Studies have reported that temperature and moisture play a crucial role in controlling the microbial community composition [ 6 , 7 ]. Furthermore, paintings also face biodeterioration caused by biological agents such as plant [ 8 ], animals [ 9 ] and microorganisms. Microorganisms are important factors in the degradation process of materials including concrete building, mortar and some color paintings [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Microorganisms Dwelling on the 19th Century Lanna Mural Paintings from Northern Thailand Using Culture-Dependent and -Independent Approaches

Suphaphimol

Suwannarach

Purahong

et al. 2022

Biology

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Lanna painting is a unique type of painting in many temples in the Northern Thai region. Similar to most mural paintings, they usually decay over time partly due to the activity of microbes. This study aimed to investigate the microorganisms from two Lanna masterpiece paintings in two temples that differ in the numbers of visitors using both culture-dependent and -independent approaches. The microorganisms isolated from the murals were also tested for the biodeterioration activities including discoloration, acid production and calcium precipitation. Most microorganisms extracted from the paintings were able to discolor the paints, but only fungi were able to discolor, produce acids and precipitate calcium. The microorganism communities, diversity and functional prediction were also investigated using the culture-independent method. The diversity of microorganisms and functional prediction were different between the two temples. Gammaproteobacteria was the predominant group of bacteria in both temples. However, the fungal communities were different between the two temples as Aspergillus was the most abundant genus in the site with higher number of visitors [Buak Krok Luang temple (BK)]. Conversely, mural paintings at Tha Kham temple (TK) were dominated by the Neodevriesia genera. We noticed that a high number of visitors (Buak Krok Luang) was correlated with microbial contamination from humans while the microbial community at Tha Kham temple had a higher proportion of saprotrophs. These results could be applied to formulate a strategy to mitigate the amount of tourists as well as manage microorganism to slow down the biodeterioration process.

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“…In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to wall flora growing on archaeological and historical sites in the Mediterranean basin (Krigas et al, 1999;Spampinato et al, 2005;Iatrous et al, 2007;Motti and Stinca, 2011;Bartoli et al, 2017;Cicinelli et al, 2018;Dahmani et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deteriogenic flora of the Phlegraean Fields Archaeological Park: ecological analysis and management guidelines

Motti

Bonanomi

Stinca

2020

Nordic Journal of Botany

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Biodeterioration, the alteration caused by living organisms, on historical buildings and stone monuments is a well-known problem affecting two-thirds of the world's cultural heritage. The study of the flora growing on wall surface is of particular importance for the assessment of the risk of biodeterioration of stone artifacts by vascular plants, and for maintenance planning. In this study, we investigate how rock type, exposure and inclination of the wall affect the biodeteriogenic flora at 13 sites of the Archaeological Park of the Phlegraean Fields located in the province of Naples, in southern Italy. For each site, we analysed randomly selected square areas with 2 x 2 m size, representing the different vegetation types in terms of vascular plant species cover. The total number of plant species recorded was 129, belonging to 43 families. Erigeron sumatrensis, Sonchus tenerrimus, and Parietaria judaica are the most commonly reported species, while Capparis orientalis is the species with the highest average coverage. Substrate type, exposure and surface inclination affect the floristic composition, with the average plant cover significantly higher on vertical surfaces and at western and southern exposure. All the main biodeteriogenic vascular plant species grow on more or less porous lythotype like yellow tufa, conglomerate and bricks. Finally, woody plants eradications methods are proposed by the tree cutting and local application of herbicides, to avoid stump and root sprouting and to minimize the dispersion of chemicals in the surrounding environment..

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Vascular plants census linked to the biodeterioration process of the Portuguese city of Mazagan in El Jadida, Morocco

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Analysis of Biodeteriogens on Architectural Heritage. An Approach of Applied Botany on a Gothic Building in Southern Italy

Analysis of Biodeteriogens on Architectural Heritage. An Approach of Applied Botany on a Gothic Building in Southern Italy

Identification of Microorganisms Dwelling on the 19th Century Lanna Mural Paintings from Northern Thailand Using Culture-Dependent and -Independent Approaches

Deteriogenic flora of the Phlegraean Fields Archaeological Park: ecological analysis and management guidelines

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