Vascular permeability increase by α-toxin (phospholipase C) of Clostridium perfringens

Sugahara, Takao; Takahashi, Tomoko; Yamaya, Shun-ichi; Ohsaka, Akira

doi:10.1016/0041-0101(77)90074-5

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is a 43 kDa protein harbouring phospholipase C and sphingomyelinase activities. This toxin is involved in the increase of vascular permeability (Sugahawa 1977), cytotoxicity (Sato et al 1989), intravascular haemolysis and clot formation (Freer 1988). %-Toxin stimulates the production of thromboxane A2 by endothelial cells (Fujii and Sakurai 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typing of Clostridium perfringens by in vitro amplification of toxin genes

Daube

China

Simon

et al. 1994

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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The strains of Clostridium perfringens are classified according to major toxins produced. Classically, this determination involves the seroneutralization of their lethal effect in mice. However, this method requires specific antisera and a large number of mice. In this work, a new typing method was developed based on the amplification of toxin genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). By combination of several pairs of primers, the toxinotype of a Cl. perfringens strain was determined by looking at the pattern of bands on an agarose gel electrophoresis. This mixture contained primers amplifying simultaneously a part of alpha-toxin, beta-toxin, epsilon-toxin and enterotoxin genes. In order to distinguish between toxinotype A and E, the l-toxin gene fragment must be amplified in a separate PCR reaction. Moreover, with the primers combination, in most cases, a PCR product corresponding to the alpha-toxin gene was obtained from direct enrichments of animal intestinal contents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typing of Clostridium perfringens by in vitro amplification of toxin genes

Daube

China

Simon

et al. 1994

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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“…PLC (synonyms: alpha-toxin, lecithinase), which is one of the most active bacterial phospholipases, is 1 of at least 12 different soluble antigens referred to as toxins, produced by Clostridium perfringens, that may be involved in pathogenesis. The findings that clostridial PLC was a potent toxin (109,110,123) with hemolytic (162,195), lethal (196), dermonecrotic (115), vascular permeabilization (186), and platelet-aggregating (134,185) properties attracted a large number of investigators to study this secreted protein, making it the most extensively studied bacterial toxin. Thus, it is not surprising that extensive reviews have been written about this enzyme (67,79,194), its application to the study of cell membranes (3,5,48,126,159,229), and its role in virulence (183).…”

Section: Bacterial Phospholipasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Role of Phospholipases in Virulence and Fungal Pathogenesis

Ghannoum

2000

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

535

411

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“…This is the predominant product of C. perfringens type A. Therefore, type A exhibits several powerful toxicities, and infection with type A may result in myonecrosis, hemolysis, an increase in vascular permeability, and platelet aggregation (10,12,20,33,43). The major lethal effects associated with this toxin are gas gangrene in humans and necrotic enteritis and enterotoxemia in animals (10,12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular typing and epidemiological survey of prevalence of Clostridium perfringens types by multiplex PCR

Yoo¹,

Lee²,

Park³

et al. 1997

J Clin Microbiol

185

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Clostridium perfringens has been classified into five toxigenic types (A through E) on the basis of its capability to produce major lethal toxins (alpha, beta, epsilon, and iota toxins). Seroneutralization with mice or guinea pigs has been used to type each toxin, but this conventional method has some disadvantages. Therefore, we used a molecular biological technique to type the bacterium in the present study. A multiplex PCR was developed for this purpose. This method has several advantages in comparison with seroneutralization with mice or guinea pigs. By this method, we also investigated the most prevalent type(s) of the organism in Korean calves, piglets, and chickens showing clinical symptoms such as diarrhea, enterotoxemia, and necrotic enteritis. Only type A was isolated from calves and chickens, while type C (2 of 14 isolates), in addition to type A, was isolated from piglets. These results suggested that seroneutralization could be replaced by our new method and that type A of C. perfringens is the most prevalent type in livestock in Korea.

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Vascular permeability increase by α-toxin (phospholipase C) of Clostridium perfringens

Cited by 28 publications

References 10 publications

Typing of Clostridium perfringens by in vitro amplification of toxin genes

Typing of Clostridium perfringens by in vitro amplification of toxin genes

Potential Role of Phospholipases in Virulence and Fungal Pathogenesis

Molecular typing and epidemiological survey of prevalence of Clostridium perfringens types by multiplex PCR

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