Vascular Pattern of the Mammalian Ovary with Special Reference to the Three-Dimensional Architecture of the Spiral Artery

Takada, Shinichi; Shimada, Toshio; Nakamura, Mitsuo; Mori, Hiroyuki; Kigawa, Tomonori

doi:10.1679/aohc.50.407

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…is similar to the vascular architecture found in corpora lutea of late diestrous rats [31] and notpregnant pigs and monkeys [50]. Small, flat venules were seen forming on the surface of these PPCL through the confluence of several sinusoidal capillaries [36].…”

Section: Vascular Changes Induced By Ovulation (Ovulatory Follicles Asupporting

confidence: 53%

“…8). The arteries branched profusely as they course through the medulla but, in the rabbit, we could not demonstrate the presence of a true plexus in the cortico-medullary region reported in other mammals [50]. Small cortical arteries, radially oriented, arose from the coiled and branching inner medullary arteries, giving off arterioles which penetrate the thecae of follicles (Fig.…”

Section: The Ramus Ovaricus and Its Ramificationscontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…SEM studies of vascular corrosion casts showed that spiral arteries had a tightly coiled configuration in pig and monkey, in the ovarian hilus as well as in the medulla and in the cortex. On the contrary, the rat ovary showed only straight or slightly undulated ovarian arteries [50]. Our observations showed that the vascular pattern of the rabbit ovary seems to have intermediate configurations.…”

Section: The Ramus Ovaricus and Its Ramificationsmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…These differences among mammals were attributed to differences in length of the menstrual cycle, e.g. the arterial pattern being more complex and coiled in animals (such as monkey) in which the menstrual cycle is longer [50]. Spiraling of ramus ovaricus was previously demonstrated in rabbit vinilyte-injected corroded casts [21].…”

Section: The Ramus Ovaricus and Its Ramificationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This technique allowed significant information on the ovarian cycle, and better clarified the role of vascular morphodynamics in the development of the LFC [37,[47][48][49]. In addition [8,50,51], the ovarian vascular pedicle and its proximal ramifications have been investigated by applying this technique.…”

Section: Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Microvasculature of the Ovary. A Review by SEM of Vascular Corrosion Casts.

Macchiarelli

2000

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The vascular changes of the ovary were studied by scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts in estrous, pseudopregnant (stimulated with human chorionic gonadotropin -hCG) and pregnant rabbits. The results demonstrated that ovarian cycle and pregnancy may induce both structural and functional changes in the ovarian vessels. In fact the ovarian blood vessels adapted their structure to the temporary functional needs of the recruited follicles or corpora lutea. These changes involved both larger ovarian blood vessels (supplying the hilus and the medulla) and cortical blood vessels (supplying the luteo-follicular complexes). Hilar and medullary blood vessels also displayed morphological devices for the continuous control of the blood flow (spiral arteries) and for the local recirculation of endocrine products (artero-venous contacts). Such contacts, may likely sustain a "countercurrent mechanism" which was also shown in ovaries of other species. Scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts even demonstrated that cortical blood vessels are subjected to continuous remodeling. SEM showed different morphological types of vascular plexuses which supplied antral follicles (Types 1-2), atretic follicles (Types 3-4), peri-ovulatory follicles (Type 5), growing pseudopregnant corpora lutea (Type 6) regressing pseudopregnant corpora lutea (Type 7) and pregnant corpora lutea (Type 8). In estrous rabbit, growing to mature follicles (Types 1-2) showed a gradual enlargement and proliferation of the theca capillaries. These changes, associated with capillary hyperpermeabilization were observed in ovulatory and post-ovulatory follicles (Type 5), after hCG stimulation. The corpus luteum formation (Type 6 and 8) was accompanied by additional capillary dilation, diffuse angiogenetic sprouting and organization of conspicuous venous drainage which appeared more enhanced in pregnant (type 8) than in pseudopregnant (type 6) corpora lutea. The regression of the corpus luteum (Type 7) was characterized by the appearance of avascular areas within the gland and by regression of vascular dilatation. Finally, in estrous rabbit the atretic follicles (Types 3-4) wall showed large interruptions (avascular areas) and focal invasion of the central cavity by newly formed capillaries arranged randomly. The hCG stimulation did not affect consistently the interstitial microvasculature. It is concluded that the gradual increase of ovarian blood flow occuring during follicle growth and corpora lutea formation is provided by a functional adaptation of major ovarian vessels and by capillary functional (vasodilation) and structural (angiogenesis) support as well. Key words: Ovary, Blood vessels, Capillary, Corrosion casts, Angiogenesis, Scanning electron microscopy, Rabbit.(J. Reprod. Dev. 46: [207][208][209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216][217][218][219][220][221][222][223][224][225] 2000) ndocrine and ovulatory activities of the ovary have strict and continuous relationship with -Reviewblood vessels changes. In fact...

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Section: Vascular Changes Induced By Ovulation (Ovulatory Follicles Asupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: The Ramus Ovaricus and Its Ramificationscontrasting

confidence: 51%

Section: The Ramus Ovaricus and Its Ramificationsmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: The Ramus Ovaricus and Its Ramificationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Microvasculature of the Ovary. A Review by SEM of Vascular Corrosion Casts.

Macchiarelli

2000

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Morphological patterns of angiogenesis in ovarian follicle capillary networks. A scanning electron microscopy study of corrosion cast

Macchiarelli

Jiang

Nottola

et al. 2006

Microscopy Res & Technique

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To describe the morphological characteristics of the ovarian follicle (F) capillary neoformation and regression, the angiogenic figures were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy of corrosion casts in developing and mature F of rabbit, pig, and cow. Developing F showed gradual neoformation of thecal capillaries characterized by budding and then sprouting, likely from preexisting interstitial vessels. Postcapillary venules frequently showed vasoconstriction rings (sphincters). Vasodilation followed capillary elongation. Mature F, in addition to vessel elongation and dilation, also presented infolding of dilated capillary walls, followed by capillary duplication and sinusoidalization. Periovulatory F mainly showed functional changes, such as capillary dilation, signs of iperpermeabilization, and ischemia, the latter being limited to the apical follicular area. Vessel regression was characterized by thinning of capillaries and presence of avascular areas within the atretic F wall at any stage. This study showed two main types of angiogenic patterns. (a) longitudinal elongation (in series, sprouting angiogenesis) characterizing the initial phase of F development and (b) parallel duplication (in parallel, infolding or intussusceptive angiogenesis), ending in capillary lateral replication or splitting, secondary to functional microvascular changes. Indirect evidence of the establishment of postcapillary resistances contributing to capillary remodeling, was also shown. It is concluded that the sequence of capillary neoformation in mammalian ovarian F occurs in six steps: (1) budding, (2) sprouting (and elongation), (3) dilation, (4) infolding (intussusception), (5) duplication (splitting and elongation), and (6) sinusoidalization. Capillary regression hits F at any stage and characterizes F atresia.

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