Vascular Factors and Multiple Measures of Early Brain Health: CARDIA Brain MRI Study

Launer, Lenore J.; Lewis, Cora E.; Schreiner, Pamela J.; Sidney, Steve; Battapady, Harsha; Jacobs, David R.; Lim, Kelvin O.; D’Esposito, Mark; Zhang, Qian; Reis, Jared P.; Davatzikos, Christos; Bryan, R. Nick

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122138

Cited by 108 publications

(171 citation statements)

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“…Consistently, higher SHBG levels were associated with lower BMI and insulin levels in our sample (Table S4). WM alterations, such as compromised microstructural integrity, volume loss, and WM lesions have been linked to aging (Gunning‐Dixon, Brickman, Cheng, & Alexopoulos, 2009) and poorer cardio‐metabolic health (Launer et al., 2015; Segura et al., 2009). In parallel, the association of higher SHBG levels with smaller GM volume may be related to SHBG's role in regulating sex‐hormone‐related mechanisms, wherein higher SHBG typically indicate lower bioavailable T and estrogen levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each participant provided written informed consent at each exam and the study was annually approved by the institutional review boards at each site (Launer et al., 2015). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At each center, scans were performed according to standardized protocols following the supervision of the MRI Reading Center (University of Pennsylvania) (Launer et al., 2015). Image processing, quality control checks, and automated brain tissue volume computations were performed at the MRI reading center, following previously described protocols (Goldszal et al., 1998; Lao et al., 2008; Launer et al., 2015; Shen & Davatzikos, 2002; Zacharaki, Kanterakis, Bryan, & Davatzikos, 2008). In brief, all imaging data were first converted to Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiative (NIFTI) format.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex hormones and brain volumes in a longitudinal study of middle‐aged men in the CARDIA study

et al. 2017

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IntroductionSeveral findings suggest that testosterone (T) is neuroprotective and that declining T levels during aging are associated with cognitive and brain pathologies; however, little is known on T and brain health in middle‐age. We examined the relationships of total T, bioavailable T, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels with total and regional gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes in middle‐aged men. We also evaluated the association of sex hormone levels with cognitive function.MethodsAnalysis included 267 community‐dwelling men participating in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) substudy. Total T, bioavailable T, and SHBG levels were measured at three times from the 2nd to 4th decade of life; brain volumes were measured at the ages of 42–56. Associations were estimated using linear regression models, adjusted for several potential confounders.ResultsHigher SHBG levels were associated with greater total WM volume (+3.15 cm3 [95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.01, 6.28] per one standard deviation higher SHBG). Higher SHBG levels were associated with lower total and regional GM volumes overall and significantly with smaller parietal GM volume (−0.96 cm3 [95%CI = −1.71, −0.21]). T levels were not related to brain volumes. Neither T nor SHBG levels were associated with cognitive function.ConclusionResults suggest a role for SHBG in structural brain outcomes in men and emphasize the value of investigating SHBG levels as modulators of sex hormone and metabolic pathways regulating brain and behavioral characteristics in men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each participant provided written informed consent at each exam and the study was annually approved by the institutional review boards at each site (Launer et al., 2015). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex hormones and brain volumes in a longitudinal study of middle‐aged men in the CARDIA study

et al. 2017

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“…At follow‐up year 25 (2010), brain MRI was performed using 3‐T MRI scanners located at 3 CARDIA sites (Siemens 3T Tim Trio/VB 15 platform, Siemens 3T Tim Trio/VB 15 platform, and Philips 3T Achieva/2.6.3.6 platform), as reported elsewhere 21. In the present analyses, parameters of interest were white matter fractional anisotropy (WMFA) and volumes of total brain, white matter, gray matter, and abnormal white matter (AWM), corrected for total intracranial volume.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical Cardiac Dysfunction and Brain Health in Midlife: CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Substudy

Čermáková

Muller

Armstrong

et al. 2017

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BackgroundWe investigated whether cardiac parameters in young adulthood are associated with indicators of brain health in midlife.Methods and ResultsThis study includes 648 participants from the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study (52% women, 38% black). We studied associations of cardiac parameters assessed by echocardiography (left ventricular ejection fraction, left atrial volume, and left ventricular mass) in young adulthood (mean age: 30 years) with brain measures obtained by magnetic resonance imaging (total brain, gray and white matter volume, white matter integrity, abnormal white matter) in midlife (mean age: 50 years). In 406 individuals with complete measurements, higher left atrial volume was associated with lower white matter fractional anisotropy, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (β=−0.002; P <0.02). The association was strongest in black participants and in men.ConclusionsHigher left atrial volume in early adulthood is associated with impairment of white matter integrity in midlife. Interventions to improve cardiac function in young adults may benefit brain health and should be targeted in particular at black men.

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“…An analysis conducted by our fellow investigators in another CARDIA study showed that in 670 participants, the adjusted means of total brain volume, white matter abnormal tissue volume, and white matter FA were not different in white and African American participants, or men and women. 40 The population-based sample of healthy middleaged white and black participants, who completed symptom-limited maximal treadmill tests 5 years before the brain MRI, are the main strengths of our study. The findings of the current study are generalizable because of community-based sampling at baseline, balanced by age, race, sex, and educational achievement, and the inclusion of adults with obesity and smokers.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cardiorespiratory fitness and brain volume and white matter integrity

et al. 2015

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Objective: We hypothesized that greater cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with lower odds of having unfavorable brain MRI findings. Methods:We studied 565 healthy, middle-aged, black and white men and women in the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) Study. The fitness measure was symptomlimited maximal treadmill test duration (Max dur ); brain MRI was measured 5 years later. Brain MRI measures were analyzed as means and as proportions below the 15th percentile (above the 85th percentile for white matter abnormal tissue volume).Results: Per 1-minute-higher Max dur , the odds ratio for having less whole brain volume was 0.85 (p 5 0.04) and for having low white matter integrity was 0.80 (p 5 0.02), adjusted for age, race, sex, clinic, body mass index, smoking, alcohol, diet, physical activity, education, blood pressure, diabetes, total cholesterol, and lung function (plus intracranial volume for white matter integrity). No significant associations were observed between Max dur and abnormal tissue volume or blood flow in white matter. Findings were similar for associations with continuous brain MRI measures.Conclusions: Greater physical fitness was associated with more brain volume and greater white matter integrity measured 5 years later in middle-aged adults. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), measured by treadmill duration, correlates with reduced cardiovascular diseases and overall mortality rates.

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Vascular Factors and Multiple Measures of Early Brain Health: CARDIA Brain MRI Study

Cited by 108 publications

References 37 publications

Sex hormones and brain volumes in a longitudinal study of middle‐aged men in the CARDIA study

Sex hormones and brain volumes in a longitudinal study of middle‐aged men in the CARDIA study

Subclinical Cardiac Dysfunction and Brain Health in Midlife: CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Substudy

Cardiorespiratory fitness and brain volume and white matter integrity

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