dilatation of the great vein of Galen and enlargement of the venous sinuses. This child had been observed since birth. Delivery had been difficult because of an abnormally large head. The early symptom was repeated severe epistaxis. Prominent veins of the face and scalp were noted, and these became smaller after an attack. These attacks gradually ceased after the age of 3 and were replaced by intermittent headache and vomiting, recurring at intervals of several days to three weeks. When 4 years of age the headache was of almost daily occurrence, his gait was unsteady, and he began to deteriorate rapidly. Within two months he was unable to walk, his speech had become unintelligible, and an alternating squint had developed. At autopsy the vascular abnormality was found to be associated with dilatation of the ventricular system above the aqueduct. In both our case and in a youth of 18 (Alpers and Forster, 1945) there were histories of frequent severe frontal headaches during a period of years, but signs and symptoms of an intracranial space-occupying lesion were lacking until three months before death. It is noteworthy, however, that a symptom indicative of loss of vertical movements of the eyes was noticed by the mother of our patient four months before her admission to hospital, and that later localizing signs referrable to the quadrigeminal plate were elicited. In contrast, the only complaints of a woman of 27 who presented no abnormal neurological signs were attacks of headache during nine months and intermittent blurring of vision during three months (Oscherwitz and Davidoff, 1947).