Varied PVD+LSB evading detection programs to spatial domain in data embedding systems

Yang, Chung-May; Weng, Chi-Yao; Wang, Shiuh-Jeng; Sun, Hung–Min

doi:10.1016/j.jss.2010.03.081

Cited by 69 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…RMDR is a novel proposed method for high visual quality and undetectability, while ALSB [9] is utilized to achieve high payload. In proposed hybrid embedding, the selection of k-bit ALSB with RMDR is inspired by following methods [25,27,34].…”

Section: Proposed Hybrid Data Embedding Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This indicates that these methods are more concerned with the payload and visual quality than they are with undetectability. This is in spite of the fact that some of them are unable to provide a competent payload [25,[27][28][29]31,34,35], and do not fully utilize the advantages of singular steganographic methods [25,[27][28][29]34]. Furthermore, existing hybrid methods are unable to achieve simultaneous high payload, good visual quality, and undetectability (at least lower bpp) in one steganographic solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods improved hidden capacity and retained acceptable visual quality but suffered from low security. Yang et al [34] enhanced Wu et al's [27] method by introducing a lower level readjustment strategy. This method improved visual quality and undetectability against RS detection attacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, Shen et al [26] proposed another method with high capacity and good visual imperceptibility compared to that of Zhang and Wang [22]. This method combined the PVD and EMD methods and suffers from low payload as compared with the latest hybrid embedding methods [25,[27][28][29]34]. Recently, Wu et al [25] proposed a hybrid method for high payload and good visual quality by combining LSB, EMD, and modification of prediction errors (MPE) methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Hybrid Data Hiding Scheme Using Right-Most Digit Replacement and Adaptive Least Significant Bit for Digital Images

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The goal of image steganographic methods considers three main key issues: high embedding capacity, good visual symmetry/quality, and security. In this paper, a hybrid data hiding method combining the right-most digit replacement (RMDR) with an adaptive least significant bit (ALSB) is proposed to provide not only high embedding capacity but also maintain a good visual symmetry. The cover-image is divided into lower texture (symmetry patterns) and higher texture (asymmetry patterns) areas and these textures determine the selection of RMDR and ALSB methods, respectively, according to pixel symmetry. This paper has three major contributions. First, the proposed hybrid method enhanced the embedding capacity due to efficient ALSB utilization in the higher texture areas of cover images. Second, the proposed hybrid method maintains the high visual quality because RMDR has the closest selection process to generate the symmetry between stego and cover pixels. Finally, the proposed hybrid method is secure against statistical regular or singular (RS) steganalysis and pixel difference histogram steganalysis because RMDR is capable of evading the risk of RS detection attacks due to pixel digits replacement instead of bits. Extensive experimental tests (over 1500+ cover images) are conducted with recent least significant bit (LSB)-based hybrid methods and it is demonstrated that the proposed hybrid method has a high embedding capacity (800,019 bits) while maintaining good visual symmetry (39.00% peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR)).

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Section: Proposed Hybrid Data Embedding Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid Data Hiding Scheme Using Right-Most Digit Replacement and Adaptive Least Significant Bit for Digital Images

et al. 2016

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“…LSB substitution techniques offer higher embedding capacity, but PVD techniques offer higher imperceptibility. Thus, PVD and LSB techniques have been combined to obtain larger hiding capacity and better imperceptibility [9,10]. Tseng and Leng also proposed one PVD steganography in blocks of size of 1 × 2 based on the concept of perfect square in the range table [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive PVD Steganography Using Horizontal, Vertical, and Diagonal Edges in Six-Pixel Blocks

Pradhan¹,

Sekhar²,

Swain³

2017

Security and Communication Networks

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The traditional pixel value differencing (PVD) steganographical schemes are easily detected by pixel difference histogram (PDH) analysis. This problem could be addressed by adding two tricks: (i) utilizing horizontal, vertical, and diagonal edges and (ii) using adaptive quantization ranges. This paper presents an adaptive PVD technique using 6-pixel blocks. There are two variants. The proposed adaptive PVD for 2 × 3-pixel blocks is known as variant 1, and the proposed adaptive PVD for 3 × 2-pixel blocks is known as variant 2. For every block in variant 1, the four corner pixels are used to hide data bits using the middle column pixels for detecting the horizontal and diagonal edges. Similarly, for every block in variant 2, the four corner pixels are used to hide data bits using the middle row pixels for detecting the vertical and diagonal edges. The quantization ranges are adaptive and are calculated using the correlation of the two middle column/row pixels with the four corner pixels. The technique performs better as compared to the existing adaptive PVD techniques by possessing higher hiding capacity and lesser distortion. Furthermore, it has been proven that the PDH steganalysis and RS steganalysis cannot detect this proposed technique.

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Current Advancements in Steganography

Garg,

Ubhi,

Aggarwal

2024

Modeling and Optimization of Signals Using Machine Learning Techniques

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Varied PVD+LSB evading detection programs to spatial domain in data embedding systems

Cited by 69 publications

References 17 publications

Hybrid Data Hiding Scheme Using Right-Most Digit Replacement and Adaptive Least Significant Bit for Digital Images

Hybrid Data Hiding Scheme Using Right-Most Digit Replacement and Adaptive Least Significant Bit for Digital Images

Adaptive PVD Steganography Using Horizontal, Vertical, and Diagonal Edges in Six-Pixel Blocks

Current Advancements in Steganography

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