Varicella caused by airborne transmission of a localised herpes zoster infection in a family

Hatsushika, Yumi; Nii, Isao; Taniguchi, Tomohiro

doi:10.1136/bcr-2021-243217

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Studies have also shown that transmission can occur when the aerosolized virus enters via the respiratory tract or mucosal surface like conjunctiva [ 11 ]. Airborne route has previously been reported as a common mode of transmission in nosocomial as well as localized community outbreaks [ 12 , 13 ]. Both primary varicella infection and herpes zoster (shingles) can act as the source of infection [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varicella zoster virus outbreak in a long-term care unit of a tertiary care hospital in northern India

Saksena,

Thomas,

Das

et al. 2024

Epidemiol. Infect.

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Nosocomial outbreak of varicella zoster virus (VZV) has been reported when susceptible individuals encounter a case of chicken pox or shingles. A suspected VZV outbreak was investigated in a 50-bedded in-patient facility of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in a tertiary care multispecialty hospital. A 30-year-old female patient admitted with Pott's spine was clinically diagnosed with chicken pox on 31 December 2022. The following week, four more cases were identified in the same ward. All cases were diagnosed as laboratory-confirmed varicella zoster infection by PCR. Primary case was a housekeeping staff who was clinically diagnosed with chicken pox 3 weeks prior (9 December 2022). He returned to work on eighth day of infection (17 December 2022) after apparent clinical recovery but before the lesions had crusted over. Thirty-one HCWs were identified as contacts a and three had no evidence of immunity. Two of these susceptible HCWs had onset of chickenpox shortly after first dose of VZV vaccination was inoculated. All cases recovered after treatment with no reported complications. VZV infection is highly contagious in healthcare settings with susceptible populations. Prompt identification of cases and implementation of infection prevention and control measures like patient isolation and vaccination are essential for the containment of outbreaks. SettingVardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital is a 2800 bedded multispecialty tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India. Although the hospital is primarily an acute care facility, the Epidemiology and Infection www.cambridge.org/hyg

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varicella zoster virus outbreak in a long-term care unit of a tertiary care hospital in northern India

Saksena,

Thomas,

Das

et al. 2024

Epidemiol. Infect.

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“…Recently, several VZV family clusters have been reported ( 12 , 13 ). Different with previous cases that reported the development of varicella in children after exposure to herpes zoster patients, in our case, all the family members (two children and their parents) continuously develop varicella after the grandmother’s herpes zoster infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transmission of varicella from persons with localized herpes zoster most commonly results from direct contact with skin lesions; however, airborne transmission from localized herpes zoster has also been documented in some cases ( 13 – 15 ). The first and most likely scenario of transmission in this family is that the girl was firstly infected by direct contact with skin lesion of the grandmother, as the grandmother took care of these two children and they usually slept together.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Various Clinical Manifestations Caused by Varicella-Zoster Virus in a Family

et al. 2022

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A family cluster of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections was reported. Four family members (two children and their parents) continuously develop varicella after the grandmother’s herpes zoster. The unvaccinated 16-month-old infant and his mother developed primary varicella with atypical clinical presentation; however, his 28-year-old father presented with a typical generalized vesicular rash. His vaccinated 4-year-old sister was clinically mild, which could be defined as a breakthrough varicella case. They infected the same virus strain but presented various clinical forms.

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“…This is a reason why the varicella pandemic remains unsolved. Childhood is the most prevalent age for VZV infection, which can spread through contact, droplet, and airborne transmission [ 82 ].…”

Section: Varicella–zoster Virus (Vzv) Conjunctivitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Conjunctivitis

Muto

Imaizumi²,

Kamoi

2023

Viruses

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Viruses account for 80% of all cases of acute conjunctivitis and adenovirus; enterovirus and herpes virus are the common causative agents. In general, viral conjunctivitis spreads easily. Therefore, to control the spread, it is crucial to quickly diagnose illnesses, strictly implement hand washing laws, and sanitize surfaces. Swelling of the lid margin and ciliary injection are subjective symptoms, and eye discharge is frequently serofibrinous. Preauricular lymph node swelling can occasionally occur. Approximately 80% of cases of viral conjunctivitis are caused by adenoviruses. Adenoviral conjunctivitis may become a big global concern and may cause a pandemic. Diagnosis of herpes simplex viral conjunctivitis is crucial for using corticosteroid eye solution as a treatment for adenovirus conjunctivitis. Although specific treatments are not always accessible, early diagnosis of viral conjunctivitis may help to alleviate short-term symptoms and avoid long-term consequences.

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Varicella caused by airborne transmission of a localised herpes zoster infection in a family

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Varicella zoster virus outbreak in a long-term care unit of a tertiary care hospital in northern India

Varicella zoster virus outbreak in a long-term care unit of a tertiary care hospital in northern India

Case Report: Various Clinical Manifestations Caused by Varicella-Zoster Virus in a Family

Viral Conjunctivitis

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