Variations in dose distribution and optical properties of Gafchromic<sup>TM</sup> EBT2 film according to scanning mode

Park, Soah; Kang, Sung Ku; Cheong, Kwang Ho; Hwang, Tae‐Kon; Kim, Haeyoung; Han, Tae Uk; Lee, Me Yeon; Kim, Kyoungju; Bae, Hyo-Sang; Kim, Hyeong Su; Kim, Jung Han; Oh, Seung Jae

doi:10.1118/1.3700731

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Provided the film handling, the scanning protocol, and the calibration curve are optimized, accurate and precise dose estimations can be made . Regarding the handling and scanning protocol, several important considerations have been reported in order to correct for, or circumvent adverse effects such as postirradiation darkening, nonuniformity of the active layer of the film, light scattering effects in the flatbed scanner, and orientation and alignment dependence, etc . Many of these proposed corrections result from a more profound understanding of the microstructural properties of the film, the physico‐chemical nature of the polymerization reaction, or artifacts from the readout method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the dose dependence of the vis-absorption spectrum of EBT3 GafChromic™ films

et al. 2017

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Purpose: The aim of this work was to model the dose dependence of the darkening of GafChromic TM EBT3 films by combining the optical properties of the polydiacetylene polymer phases, and a modified version of the single-hit model, which will take the stick-like shape of the monomer microcrystals into account. Second, a comparison is made between the quantification of the film darkening by flatbed scanning and by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. Method: GafChromic TM EBT3 films were irradiated with a 6 MV photon beam at dose levels between 0 and 50 Gy. The radiation-induced darkening of the films is quantified by a flatbed scanner, and by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy in the wavelength range of 220-750 nm. From the UV-vis absorption spectra, the contribution of each polymer phase to the absorbance was deduced. Next, the dose dependence of the polymer content is described by a modified single-hit model where the size distribution of polymerizable centers is approximated by way of the size distribution of the monomer microcrystals in the film. Results: The absorption properties of the film can be accurately quantified by UV-vis spectroscopy for dose levels between 0 and 10 Gy. Over 10 Gy, the absorption spectrum saturates due to the limited sensitivity of the spectrometer. The modified single-hit model was successful in describing the increasing polymer concentration with radiation dose, using a log-normal distribution for the length of the stick-like monomer microcrystals. The dose dependence of the polymer content, deduced from the UV-vis absorption spectrum, differs from that of the flatbed scanning method and is more sensitive to changes in dose. Conclusion: The dose dependence of the polymer concentration can be modeled by taking into account the distribution of active centers using the microstructure of the active layer for dose levels between 0 and 10 Gy. The dissimilar dose dependence of the polymer concentration and the absorbance must be accounted for when modeling darkening from the kinetics of the photopolymerization reaction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the dose dependence of the vis-absorption spectrum of EBT3 GafChromic™ films

et al. 2017

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“…For MV beams, EBT, EBT2, and EBT3 GAFCHROMIC film models were used extensively to measure therapeutic doses over wide dose range and the same dosimetry protocols apply for imaging. The dosimetric properties of these films were tested widely in the literature in terms of absorption spectra, (24) postirradiation waiting time, 24 , 25 scanning mode and exposure to light, 25 , 26 high temperature behavior, (25) performance in water, (27) depth dose measurements, (28) and energy dependence 29 , 30 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiochromic film based dosimetry of image‐guidance procedures on different radiotherapy modalities

Nobah

Aldelaijan

Dević

et al. 2014

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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In this work we compare doses from imaging procedures performed on today's state‐of‐the‐art integrated imaging systems using a reference radiochromic film dosimetry system. Skin dose and dose profile measurements from different imaging systems were performed using radiochromic films at different anatomical sites on a humanoid RANDO phantom. EBT3 film was used to measure imaging doses from a TomoTherapy MVCT system, while XRQA2 film was used for dose measurements from kilovoltage imaging systems (CBCT on 21eX and TrueBeam Varian linear accelerators and CyberKnife stereoscopic orthogonal imagers). Maximum measured imaging doses in cGy at head, thorax, and pelvis regions were respectively 0.50, 1.01, and 4.91 for CBCT on 21eX, 0.38, 0.84, and 3.15 for CBCT on TrueBeam, 4.33, 3.86, and 6.50 for CyberKnife imagers, and 3.84, 1.90, and 2.09 for TomoTherapy MVCT. In addition, we have shown how an improved calibration system of XRQA2 film can achieve dose uncertainty level of better than 2% for doses above 0.25 cGy. In addition to simulation‐based studies in literature, this study provides the radiation oncology team with data necessary to aid in their decision about imaging frequency for image‐guided radiation therapy protocols.PACS number: 87.53.Bn, 87.55.Qr, 87.56.Fc

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“…Dreindl et al (14) indicated that improvement in consistency of ilm dosimetry is achieved by following a ixed protocol. The red channel of the ilm images was used for analysis (11) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dosimetric comparison between XR-RV3 and EBT2 radiochromic film in megavoltage photon beams

Setilo

Plessis

2016

IJRR

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Background: Radiochromic film is used for radia on dose measurement, XR-RV3 is used in fluoroscopy and EBT2 film in radia on therapy. The aim was to determine if the dosimetric proper es of these two films are comparable in megavolt photon beams. Materials and Methods: Comparison measurements included: calibra on curves, heterogeneous phantom dose profiles, and nasopharynx dose distribu on measurement. Results: Both film types required 24 hours to stabilize. Their heterogeneous phantom dose profiles were similar, and their dose distribu ons for a nasopharynx treatment were within 3%/3mm. Conclusion: Dose distribu ons between both films showed good correla on and XR-RV3 film can be used in radiotherapy for quality control checks.

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Variations in dose distribution and optical properties of Gafchromic^TM EBT2 film according to scanning mode

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Modeling the dose dependence of the vis-absorption spectrum of EBT3 GafChromic™ films

Modeling the dose dependence of the vis-absorption spectrum of EBT3 GafChromic™ films

Radiochromic film based dosimetry of image‐guidance procedures on different radiotherapy modalities

Dosimetric comparison between XR-RV3 and EBT2 radiochromic film in megavoltage photon beams

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Variations in dose distribution and optical properties of GafchromicTM EBT2 film according to scanning mode

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Modeling the dose dependence of the vis-absorption spectrum of EBT3 GafChromic™ films

Modeling the dose dependence of the vis-absorption spectrum of EBT3 GafChromic™ films

Radiochromic film based dosimetry of image‐guidance procedures on different radiotherapy modalities

Dosimetric comparison between XR-RV3 and EBT2 radiochromic film in megavoltage photon beams

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Variations in dose distribution and optical properties of Gafchromic^TM EBT2 film according to scanning mode