Variation of the trapped proton flux in the inner radiation belt of the earth as a function of solar activity

Кузнецов, Н. В.; Nikolaeva, N. I.; Panasyuk, M. I.

doi:10.1134/s0010952510010065

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Continuous, quantitative analysis has been conducted in terms of the 11 years (1999–2009) of the NOAA 15 proton flux measurements. The inverse correlation between the area and strength of the SAA proton flux and the F 10.7 flux, as illustrated in Figures , , and confirms previously published results [ Huston et al , ; Dachev et al , ; Li et al , ; Fürst et al , ; Kuznetsov et al , ; Casadio and Arino , ]. There can be two major reasons responsible for this solar cycle effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The protons with energies above 70 MeV at 808 km have a phase lag of 685 days in the anticorrelation relationship with solar activity during the 23rd solar cycle, as indicated in Figure . Similar hysteresis effect was also obtained in different coordinates by previous studies [ Huston et al , , ; Huston and Pfitzer , ; Kuznetsov et al , ]. Since the time required for the neutral atmospheric density to get heated and reach the height of 808 km is only a few minutes, much shorter than the timescale of the phase lag, the value of the phase lag is dominantly determined by the proton lifetime.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Journal Of Geophysicalsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In addition, the phase lag varies with solar cycle. In the even 22nd cycle the phase lag is lower than that in the odd 21st and 23rd SA cycles [ Kuznetsov et al , ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solar cycle variations of trapped proton flux in the inner radiation belt

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2014

JGR Space Physics

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Trapped proton population in the inner radiation belt is highly dense, posing a potential danger to astronauts and man-made space assets traversing through this region. While being significantly stable within timescales up to hundreds of days, inner zone proton fluxes can exhibit considerable solar cycle variations, which has not been investigated comprehensively yet. To analyze the long-term variation of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA), we adopt the proton flux data measured by NOAA 15 from 1999 through 2009 and perform statistical analyses on the basis of reasonable Gaussian fits. We report that the variation of the peak proton flux in the SAA is anticorrelated with that of F 10.7 during a solar cycle. There also exists a phase lag of 685 days between the solar F 10.7 flux and the proton flux. Similar features are seen for changes of the SAA distribution area, which in addition shows a rapid decrease during the solar maximum and a slow increase during the solar minimum. We also find that the region where the proton flux peaks drifts westward year by year with larger drift rates during the solar minimum. The peak region shifts southward during the solar maximum but in the opposite direction during the solar minimum with higher shift speed. Enhancements in solar wind dynamic pressure can favor the north-south drift of the SAA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Journal Of Geophysicalsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In addition, the phase lag varies with solar cycle. In the even 22nd cycle the phase lag is lower than that in the odd 21st and 23rd SA cycles [ Kuznetsov et al , ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solar cycle variations of trapped proton flux in the inner radiation belt

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2014

JGR Space Physics

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“…On the other hand the magnetic field geometry renders the polar ionosphere accessible to energetic particles and is a major source of ionization in the high latitudes (Sergeev et al 1983;Lyons 1997). Several studies have shown that galactic cosmic rays, solar energetic particles, trapped high energetic particles and electrons contribute to SEU or cause significant problems to satellite systems (Bashkirov et al 1999;Baker 2000;Gubby and Evans 2002;Nichitiu et al 2004;Koshiishi et al 2008;Patil et al 2008;Kuznetsov et al 2010). During high solar activity periods the impact of space weather events could cause more frequent system failures (Nichitiu et al 2004;Iucci et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal Signatures Recorded by FORMOSAT-2 and FORMOSAT-3 over South Atlantic Anomaly and Polar Region

Lee¹,

Rajesh²,

Chen³

et al. 2014

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Computer systems onboard FORMOSAT-2 (F2) and FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (F3/C) satellites often register abnormal signatures which are recorded as automatic reconfiguration orders (ARO) in F2, and reboot/reset (RBS) in F3/C. The ARO and RBS spatial distribution counts recorded since the launch of satellites is investigated to identify regions of anomalous events. Data from the star tracker onboard F2 and Tiny Ionosphere Photometer (TIP) onboard F3/C are also analyzed. The results show that the F2 ARO and F3/C RBS cluster over the SAA (South Atlantic Anomaly) region and also over the poles, which suggest that high energy particles bombarding the satellite electronics play an important role.

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Gleissberg Cycle Dependence of Inner Zone Proton Flux

Bregou

Hudson

Kress

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The Earth's inner radiation belt, the first discovery of the Space Age (Van Allen et al., 1958), consists of high energy protons (10 MeV-1 GeV) and lower energy electrons trapped in the Earth's magnetic field. The sources of inner belt protons, the focus of this paper, include Cosmic Ray Albedo Neutron Decay (CRAND) and Solar Energetic Protons (Selesnick et al., 2010;Selesnick et al., 2007). The very energetic proton population, while constrained to an altitude below ∼10 4 km, is a known hazard to low and medium altitude satellites (Dyer, 2002;Stassinopoulos & Raymond, 1988) and to the International Space Station whose orbit encounters the South Atlantic Anomaly. The South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) is a region where the inner zone proton flux is observed to increase at low altitude. This is due to a weakening in the Earth's magnetic field presently spanning a range at 500 km altitude of −90 to +40° in geographic longitude and −50 to 0° in geographic latitude. This region of weaker magnetic field, which is slowly decreasing in time (Pavón-Carrasco & De Santis, 2016), allows inner zone protons to mirror closer to Earth.

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Variation of the trapped proton flux in the inner radiation belt of the earth as a function of solar activity

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Solar cycle variations of trapped proton flux in the inner radiation belt

Solar cycle variations of trapped proton flux in the inner radiation belt

Abnormal Signatures Recorded by FORMOSAT-2 and FORMOSAT-3 over South Atlantic Anomaly and Polar Region

Gleissberg Cycle Dependence of Inner Zone Proton Flux

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