Variation of the Pb and Bi 5dbinding energies and branching ratios for thin Pb and Bi overlayers on Ni(110)

Bismuth-oxide nanoparticles: study in a beam and as deposited

“…For the metallic-Bi 5d 5/2 energy, we have used 24.0 eV from ref. 34, which value is also in accord with ours. Understandably, the studies using Al K α ( hν ≈ 1487 eV) or Mg K α ( hν = 1253.6 eV) are limited in spectral resolution: ∼1 eV instrumental broadening is not uncommon in this case.…”

“…The metallic-Bi 5 5/2 energy relative to the Fermi level is E24 eV. 34 Adding E4 eV Fermi energy to it gives 28 eV. At the conditions with the ''low'' O 2 fraction in Ar (r2%, Fig.…”

“…Analogously, for the 5d level of the metallic particles, the 5d 5/2 line is at 24.0 eV relative to the Fermi level, matching, for example, the value for Bi evaporated onto Ni. 34…”

“…An overwhelming number of the works we found were on the Bi 4f state, and only a few – on the Bi 5d one, such as ref. 34 and 37. Not all of these measurements contained their own, internal reference of metallic-Bi energy, so, as discussed above, to calculate the oxide shift, we used 156.9 eV reported for the metallic-Bi 4f level most often.…”

Coordination-resolved local bond relaxation and electron binding-energy shift of Pb solid skins and atomic clusters

“…X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provides a powerful means for studying the electronic binding energy of both solid skins 12,[14][15][16][17][18][19] and size-selected clusters of Pb, [20][21][22][23][24] which form an important component in topological insulators, for instance.…”