Variation in the diurnal activity of breeding Short‐eared Owls<i>Asio flammeus</i>: implications for their survey and monitoring

Calladine, John; Garner, Graeme; Wernham, Chris; Buxton, Nigel E.

doi:10.1080/00063650903437503

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The diurnal activity of radiotagged Short-eared Owls in the present study (actively foraging from 52 to 75% of the time in 2011) was generally greater than that recorded by visual observations in 2006-07, when activity was recorded for less than 10% of the time through the season (Calladine et al 2010). Diurnal monitoring of the radiotagged owls was deliberately concentrated during periods when activity rates were expected to be high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Field protocols aimed to assess ranging behaviour and habitat-use and how they varied through the breeding season and also between day and night. Surveillance of the radiotagged birds was undertaken entirely by volunteers (as was all fieldwork) with limited time and resources and as the principal aims included comparison of diurnal and nocturnal range sizes and habitat-use, priority within diurnal monitoring was given to early mornings and evenings when activity was expected to be greatest (Calladine et al 2010). During daylight, most locations of owls determined from radio signals were confirmed by visual observation, facilitated by the generally open terrain of the study area.…”

Section: Radiotelemetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Systematic visual observations of breeding Short-eared Owls were made in 2006 (eight territories) and 2007 (ten territories) from ten vantage points within three study areas including where birds were radiotagged in 2011 and two other areas, one centred about 100 km to the southeast and the other about 120 km to the south-southwest (for details of protocols see Calladine et al [2010]). Observed flight lines were plotted onto large-scale detailed topographic maps.…”

Section: Visual Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most assessments of home-range size (and breeding density) are made on visual observations of owls, because they do not habitually call to define or defend breeding territories. However, activity by Short-eared Owls during daylight can be quite limited (Swengel & Swengel 2009, Calladine et al 2010 and, therefore, the extent to which those daytime visual observations are representative should be questioned.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diurnal and nocturnal ranging behaviour by moorland-breeding Short-eared OwlsAsio flammeusin Scotland

Calladine

Morrison

2013

Bird Study

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Radiotelemetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Visual Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diurnal and nocturnal ranging behaviour by moorland-breeding Short-eared OwlsAsio flammeusin Scotland

Calladine

Morrison

2013

Bird Study

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“…If multiple possible routes were available within a single grid, we chose routes expected to have the least traffic, routes on the edge of the greatest amount of roadless habitat, or routes with the highest likelihood of detecting Short-eared Owls (a potential source of bias discussed later). Larson and Holt (2016) report that in favorable conditions Short-eared Owls can be correctly identified up to 1600 m away, with high detectability up to 800 m. Calladine et al (2010) had a mean initial detection distance of 500 -700m, with a maximum recorded value of 2500 m. Because our analysis method is robust for false negative detections, but less so for false positive detections, we chose to assume a larger average initial detection distance of 1 km. Therefore we considered all land within 1 km of the surveyed points as sampled habitat.…”

Section: Transect Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus) surveys in the North American Intermountain West: utilizing citizen scientists to conduct monitoring across a broad geographic scale

Miller¹,

Paprocki²,

Stuber³

et al. 2016

ACE

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ABSTRACT. The Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus) is an open-country species breeding in the northern United States and Canada, and has likely experienced a long-term, range-wide, and substantial decline. However, the cause and magnitude of the decline is not well understood. We set forth to address the first two of six previously proposed conservation priorities to be addressed for this species:(1) better define habitat use and (2) improve population monitoring. We recruited 131 volunteers to survey over 6.2 million ha within the state of Idaho for Short-eared Owls during the 2015 breeding season. We surveyed 75 transects, 71 of which were surveyed twice, and detected Short-eared Owls on 27 transects. We performed multiscale occupancy modeling to identify habitat associations, and performed multiscale abundance modeling to generate a state-wide population estimate. Our results suggest that within the state of Idaho, Short-eared Owls are more often found in areas with marshland or riparian habitat or areas with greater amounts of sagebrush habitat at the 1750 ha transect scale. At the 50 ha point scale, Short-eared Owls tend to associate positively with fallow and bare dirt agricultural land and negatively with grassland. Cropland was not chosen at the broader transect scale suggesting that Short-eared Owls may prefer more heterogeneous landscapes. On the surface our results may seem contradictory to the presumed land use by a "grassland" species; however, the grasslands of the Intermountain West, consisting largely of invasive cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), lack the complex structure shown to be preferred by these owls. We suggest the local adaptation to agriculture represents the next best habitat to their historical native habitat preferences. Regardless, we have confirmed regional differences that should be considered in conservation planning for this species. Last, our results demonstrate the feasibility, efficiency, and effectiveness of utilizing public participation in scientific research to achieve a robust sampling methodology across the broad geography of the Intermountain West.Recensement de Hiboux des marais (Asio flammeus) dans la région Intramontagnarde Ouest nordaméricaine : utilisation de la participation citoyenne pour effectuer un suivi à grande échelle RÉSUMÉ. Le Hibou des marais (Asio flammeus), espèce de milieux ouverts nichant dans le nord des États-Unis et au Canada, a vraisemblablement subi une baisse importante de longue date et à grande échelle. Toutefois, la cause et la magnitude de cette baisse ne sont pas bien comprises. Nous avons choisi d'étudier les deux premières de six priorités de conservation proposées antérieurement pour cette espèce : 1) mieux établir l'utilisation de l'habitat; et 2) améliorer le suivi de la population. Nous avons recruté 131 bénévoles pour inventorier plus de 6,2 millions d'ha dans l'État de l'Idaho durant la saison de nidification 2015 du Hibou des marais. Nous avons inventorié 75 transects, dont 71 à deux reprises, et avons détecté le Hibou des marais dans 27...

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Assessing the status and conservation priorities of the short‐eared owl in North America

Booms

Holroyd²,

Gahbauer³

et al. 2014

J Wildl Manag

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The North American Breeding Bird Survey, Christmas Bird Count, and regional and national conservation assessments provide convincing evidence that the short-eared owl (Asio flammeus) is experiencing a range-wide, long-term decline in abundance in North America. However, the species has received little conservation or research attention. The short-eared owl is vulnerable to decline because it relies heavily on large, intact grasslands and a specialized diet of unpredictable small mammal prey. The species' nomadic movements compound these vulnerabilities by making a decline difficult to detect with current monitoring programs while obfuscating stewardship responsibilities for managers. The primary threat to the species is loss, fragmentation, and degradation of large tracts of native grasslands and wetlands. We propose the following conservation priorities to better understand and begin addressing the short-eared owl's decline: 1) better define and protect important habitats; 2) improve population monitoring; 3) determine seasonal and annual movements; 4) re-evaluate NatureServe's short-eared owl national conservation classifications; 5) develop management plans and tools; and 6) classify raptors, including short-eared owls, as migratory birds in Canada. We contend that the short-eared owl's need for habitat conservation at large spatial scales, status as a predator, and high reproductive potential that affords the species capacity to recover, make it an effective and useful candidate as an umbrella species for grassland conservation. Ó 2014 The Wildlife Society.KEY WORDS Asio flammeus, conservation, decline, grassland, North America, research priorities, short-eared owl, status.Empirical evidence demonstrates a long-term, range-wide decline in short-eared owl (Asio flammeus) abundance in North America since at least 1966. Multiple lines of evidence at several spatial scales corroborate this species' decline,

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Variation in the diurnal activity of breeding Short‐eared OwlsAsio flammeus: implications for their survey and monitoring

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

Diurnal and nocturnal ranging behaviour by moorland-breeding Short-eared OwlsAsio flammeusin Scotland

Diurnal and nocturnal ranging behaviour by moorland-breeding Short-eared OwlsAsio flammeusin Scotland

Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus) surveys in the North American Intermountain West: utilizing citizen scientists to conduct monitoring across a broad geographic scale

Assessing the status and conservation priorities of the short‐eared owl in North America

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