Variation in suspended sediment concentration during storm discharges in three small streams in upper osun basin, Central Western Nigeria

Abstract

The suspended sediment concentration response of three small streams draining quartzites and quartz-schists in southwestern Nigeria to storms of varying magnitude are presented. A total of 1468 water samples from 62 storm responses with peak stream discharge values ranging from 80 to 120 I s-' were analysed and storm and suspended sediment concentration hydrographs and hysteresis loops were used to depict the response patterns. The six different types of responses identified include the single and multiple discharge peak rises with sediment lead and lag and also the mixed response patterns. Both valley slope and channel erosion constituted important sources of suspended sediment. However, sediment availability, exhaustion, and flushing effects determined the variation in the different response types.

Seasonal controls on sediment delivery in a small coastal plain watershed, North Carolina, USA

“…The dominance of clockwise hysteresis loops in previous studies has been interpreted to suggest that a storm produced a sufficiently high discharge to mobilize nearby sources of sediment (along the channel and on nearby fields) and that these sources were exhausted on the rising limb of each storm hydrograph (Arnborg et al, 1967;Walling, 1974;Wood, 1977;VanSickle and Beschta, 1983;Klein, 1984;Jeje et al, 1991;Asselman and Middlekoop, 1998). However, several alternative explanations have been proposed including the length of time between events (Walling and Teed, 1971;Wood, 1977;Burt et al, 1983), the duration of the event (Wood, 1977;Jeje et al, 1991), variable contributions from gullies (diCenzo and Luk, 1997), higher rainfall intensities at the beginning of storms (Jeje et al, 1991), and a reduction in the erosive effects of rainfall and increased inputs from baseflow after the peak discharge (Gregory and Walling, 1973;Wood, 1977).…”

“…However, several alternative explanations have been proposed including the length of time between events (Walling and Teed, 1971;Wood, 1977;Burt et al, 1983), the duration of the event (Wood, 1977;Jeje et al, 1991), variable contributions from gullies (diCenzo and Luk, 1997), higher rainfall intensities at the beginning of storms (Jeje et al, 1991), and a reduction in the erosive effects of rainfall and increased inputs from baseflow after the peak discharge (Gregory and Walling, 1973;Wood, 1977). In particular, Steegen et al (2000) suggested that clockwise hysteresis was produced not by sediment flushing and exhaustion, but by the supply of sediment from distant hillslope sources.…”

Factors Controlling the Suspended Sediment Yield During Rainfall Events of Dry and Wet Weather Conditions in A Tropical Urban Catchment

“…Jeje et al (1991) related the clockwise loops to events with high rainfall intensities at the beginning of storms. Figure 5 show examples of counter-clockwise events with moderate total rainfall and rainfall intensity generated during the dry and wet periods.…”

Sédiments en suspension et typologie des crues dans le bassin versant de l’oued Saïda (Hauts plateaux algériens)

“…Lorsque la relation est de type horaire, cela indique que la source de sédiment est proche de l'exutoire, soit dans le fond du cours d'eau, soit dans des zones qui lui sont proches (SLATTERY et al, 2002;RODRIGUEZ-BLANCO et al, 2008;LE FRANÇOIS et al, 2007;ARNBORG et al, 1967;VAN SICKLE et BESCHTA, 1983;KLEIN, 1984;JEJE et al, 1991;ASSELMAN et MIDDELKOOP, 1998). D'autres auteurs indiquent que l'hystérésis de type horaire peut être causée par la forte intensité des pluies au début de l'orage (DOTY et CARTER, 1965).…”