Variation in Response of Trypodendron lineatum 1 from Two Continents to Semiochemicals and Trap Form 2

LIFE HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION OF THE IMMATURE STAGES OF DACNUSA DRYAS (NIXON) (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE), A EUROPEAN PARASITE OF THE ALFALFA BLOTCH LEAFMINER (DIPTERA: AGROMYZIDAE) IN EASTERN CANADA

“…The pheromone proved effective in field trials in England (King et al 1983), West Germany (Vite and Bakke 1979;Paiva et al 1983;Payne et al 1983), and Norway (Bakke 1983). Borden et al (1982) reported no synergistic interaction when pheromones and primary attractants were tested in logged over and dry land sorting areas in British Columbia, but in the same' province, Shore and McLean (1983) demonstrated a clear synergism in a forested foreshore area 200 m from a log booming ground. Borden et al (1982) reported no synergistic interaction when pheromones and primary attractants were tested in logged over and dry land sorting areas in British Columbia, but in the same' province, Shore and McLean (1983) demonstrated a clear synergism in a forested foreshore area 200 m from a log booming ground.…”

“…However, the importance of the primary attractants when in the presence of the pheromone is still unclear. In England, ethanol, but not alpha-pinene, increased catches in pheromone-baited traps (Borden et al 1982), whereas in West Germany and Norway both primary attractants were necessary to obtain optimal results (Vite and Bakke 1979). In England, ethanol, but not alpha-pinene, increased catches in pheromone-baited traps (Borden et al 1982), whereas in West Germany and Norway both primary attractants were necessary to obtain optimal results (Vite and Bakke 1979).…”

Host-Tree Chemistry Affecting Colonization in Bark Beetles

“…typographus, D. brevicomis, P. chalcographus, and T. piniperda in flight chambers under dim red light or in complete darkness using an electronic vibration detector indicate they will not fly after dark (Lanne et al, 1987;Byers and Lofqvist, 1989;Byers, unpublished). Bark beetles are attracted more so to traps baited with host odor or pheromone that are placed next to tree trunk silhouettes than to traps without such visual stimuli, indicating that beetles orient to the tree hunk during landing (Moser and Browne, 1978;Borden et al, 1982;Tilden et al, 1983;Lindgren et al, 1983;Bombosch et al, 1985;Ramisch, 1986; ChCnier and Philogbne, 1989). Beetles of some species prefer to land on horizontal silhouettes rather than on vertical ones of the same size (Pitrnan and Vitk, 1969).…”

“…5.5) is produced by coastal females but not in inland females (Pitman and Vite, 1974;Rudinsky et al, 1976). Borden et al (1982) found Trypodemiron lineatum response to host-released ethanol and a-pinene differed between continents. Western North American beetles responded weakly to ethanol plus apinene and these compounds did not enhance a strong attraction to the aggregation pheromone lineatin; whereas beetles in England were similarly attracted to lineatin or to the two host volatiles, and their combination was synergistically active.…”

RESPONSE BY THE STRIPED AMBROSIA BEETLE, TRYPODENDRON LINEATUM (OLIVIER), TO THE BARK BEETLE PHEROMONE, FRONTALIN

“…In selecting and mass-attacking hosts in nature, it utilizes a blend of volatiles, including the aggregation pheromone, lineatin, and the host kairomones a-pinene and ethanol (MacConnell et al 1977;VitC and Bakke 1979;Borden et al 1982;Bakke 1983;Lindgren et al 1983). In selecting and mass-attacking hosts in nature, it utilizes a blend of volatiles, including the aggregation pheromone, lineatin, and the host kairomones a-pinene and ethanol (MacConnell et al 1977;VitC and Bakke 1979;Borden et al 1982;Bakke 1983;Lindgren et al 1983).…”