Variation in pH during Summer Storms near the Continental Divide in Central Colorado, U.S.A.

Continuous-flow real-time and flow injection determination of rainwater pH with a poly(vinyl chloride)-based tubular membrane electrode

“…The temporal resolution of pH within individual rainstorms has been measured after collection of small composite samples which represent fixed time intervals (10,11) or fixed sample amounts (12,13). A previous study continuously measured rainwater pH below 3.0 in several instances using a prototype flow cell which accommodated a commercial pH electrode; however, the corresponding measured specific conductance values did not substantiate the extemely low pH measurement values (14). Another study (15) used a trap that required a minimum of 0.3 mm of rain to accommodate a combination electrode, but few details about system calibration or response were described.…”