Variation in Composition of Dental Enamel Within Thin Ground Tooth Sections

Robinson, C.; Weatherell, J.A.; Hallsworth, A.S.

doi:10.1159/000259731

Cited by 119 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The rate of solubility and dissolution in enamel was also increased from the surface to the DEJ because of its mineral gradient 11) . The calcium and phosphate ratio was increased at the enamel surface compared with the subsurface 8,24) . The increased dissolution rate in cut enamel is likely to be due to the lack of a more highly mineralized layer and lesser amount of fluorapatite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The mineral content in enamel can differ depending on the tooth anatomy and age 7) . The fluoride, calcium and phosphorus contents and enamel density tend to decrease from the surface to the inner region [7][8][9] , while the carbonate and magnesium concentrations increase towards the dentin-enamel junction (DEJ) 10) . These differences in mineral gradient can be used to describe about how mineral dissolution from the surface to DEJ can vary 11) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparative study of the susceptibility of cut and uncut enamel to erosive demineralization

et al. 2017

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This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of cut and uncut enamel surfaces to an erosive challenge and to examine the resultant characteristics/morphological changes. Ten extracted human incisors were used for preparation of enamel samples, and samples were immersed in citric acid. After 3 (total 3 min) and 6 cycles (total 6 min) of erosive challenges, surface loss (SL) and morphological changes were measured using scanning microscopy and FIB-TEM. Ca release (CA) and surface hardness (SH) were measured using a calcium-sensitive electrode and hardness tester respectively. Mean values of all measurements were statistically analyzed by using a t-test. Uncut enamel samples had significantly lower SL and greater SH than cut enamel (p<0.01). Cut enamel samples after 3 cycles showed higher CA compared with those from uncut enamel samples (p<0.05). Cut enamel was shown to be more susceptible to acidic dissolution and deeper acid penetration than uncut enamel after erosive demineralization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of the susceptibility of cut and uncut enamel to erosive demineralization

et al. 2017

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“…In behaving like this, ameloblasts act at a distance of up to 2 mm and their effectiveness must thus be a function of a diffusion gradient. This appears to set up a parallel gradient in the mature tissue in chemical composition [35,36,37,38,39] that is also mirrored in some mechanical properties, as described below.…”

Section: Enamel Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Wear and Tear of Teeth

Lucas¹,

Casteren²

2014

Med Princ Pract

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A review is presented of the mechanical damage suffered by tooth crowns. This has been the subject of much recent research, resulting in a need to revise some of the thinking about the mechanisms involved. Damage is classified here by scale into macro-, meso- and microfracture. The focus is on the outer enamel coat because this is the contact tissue and where most fractures start. Enamel properties appear to be tailored to maximize hardness, but also to prevent fracture. The latter is achieved by the deployment of developmental flaws called enamel tufts. Macrofractures usually appear to initiate as extensions of tufts on the undersurface of the enamel adjacent to the enamel-dentine junction and extend from there into the enamel. Cracks that pass from the tooth surface tend to be deflected by an enamel region of high toughness; if they find the surface again, a chip (mesofracture) is produced. The real protection of the enamel-dentine junction here is the layer of decussating inner enamel. Finally, a novel analysis of mechanical wear (microfracture) suggests that the local toughness of the enamel is very important to its ability to resist tissue loss. Enamel and dentine have contrasting behaviours. Seen on a large scale, dentine is isotropic (behaving similarly in all directions) while enamel is anisotropic, but vice versa on a very small scale. These patterns have implications for anyone studying the fracture behaviour of teeth.

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“…17,18 Enamel has a density of 2.95 g ml 21 19 and calcium concentration in enamel is 37%. 20,21 Enamel volume was calculated using the amount of calcium released into the solution and the density of enamel. It was then divided by the area of the exposed window (1.54 mm 2 ) to determine the lesion depth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic accuracy of proximal enamel subsurface demineralization and its relationship with calcium loss and lesion depth

Önem¹,

Baksı²,

Şen³

et al. 2012

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology

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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the amount of calcium loss, lesion depth, and the accuracy of storage phosphor plate (SPP) and film radiographs for the detection of artificial proximal demineralization. Methods: Standard enamel windows of extracted premolars were exposed to a demineralizing solution for 60 h, 80 h, 100 h and 120 h. Solutions were analysed for calcium concentration by atomic absorption spectrometer and the lesion depths were calculated by a specific formula. All teeth were radiographed with SPPs and F-speed films before and after acid application. Images were evaluated by five observers. Stereomicroscopic and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations were carried out to visualize enamel surfaces after acid exposure. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used for diagnostic accuracy (A z ). A z s were compared with factorial analysis of variance and t-tests. The relationship between A z s and lesion depths was determined with Pearson's correlation test. Results: Strong positive correlation was found between A z s of both radiographic methods and lesion depths. No difference was found between the A z s of two radiographic systems for any of the demineralization durations (p . 0.05). Pair-wise comparisons revealed no significant difference in A z s of SPPs (p . 0.05), while significant differences were obtained for the A z s of films for different demineralization periods (p , 0.05). Stereomicroscopic and SEM observations confirmed demineralizations from superficial to deeper layers of enamel. Conclusion: Subsurface enamel demineralization was not accurately detectable with either storage phosphor plates or F-speed films. The amount of calcium loss and the depth of demineralization have a strong relationship with diagnostic accuracy with a significant effect particularly on F-speed films.

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Variation in Composition of Dental Enamel Within Thin Ground Tooth Sections

Cited by 119 publications

References 2 publications

A comparative study of the susceptibility of cut and uncut enamel to erosive demineralization

A comparative study of the susceptibility of cut and uncut enamel to erosive demineralization

The Wear and Tear of Teeth

Diagnostic accuracy of proximal enamel subsurface demineralization and its relationship with calcium loss and lesion depth

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