Variant Anatomy of Hypoglossal Canal: An Osteological Study in North Indian Population

Yadav, Shrinarayan; Pandey, P; Pasricha, N; Bhatnagar, R

doi:10.21276/aanat.2020.6.1.9

AANAT

2020

DOI: 10.21276/aanat.2020.6.1.9

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Variant Anatomy of Hypoglossal Canal: An Osteological Study in North Indian Population

Shrinarayan Yadav

P Pandey

N Pasricha

et al.

Abstract: Introduction: To assess the presence of duplicated hypoglossal canal. Subjects and Methods: A total of 80 dried human skulls were collected from the Anthropology lab of the department of Anatomy K.G.M.U.,U. P., Lucknow, India. The skulls were examined for duplicated hypoglossal canal and presence of posterior condylar canal. Theskulls were closely inspected with the use of hand lens. Results: We observed bilateral duplicated hypoglossal canal in 3 skulls (3.75%), Unilateral duplication was seen in 15 skulls (1… Show more

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2023

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Cited by 2 publications

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Hypoglossal canal: an osteological and morphometric study on a collection of dried skulls in an Italian population: clinical implications

Guarna,

Lorenzoni,

Franci

et al. 2023

Eur J Med Res

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Background The hypoglossal canal is a dual bone canal at the cranial base near the occipital condyles. The filaments of the hypoglossal nerve pass through the canal. It also transmits the meningeal branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery, the venous plexus and meningeal branches of the hypoglossal nerve. The hypoglossal nerve innervates all the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossal and is fundamental in physiological functions as phonation and deglutition. A surgical approach to the canal requires knowledge of the main morphometric data by neurosurgeons. Methods The present study was carried out on 50 adult dried skulls: 31 males: age range 18–85 years; 19 females: age range 26–79 years. The skulls came from the ''Leonetto Comparini'' Anatomical Museum. The skulls belonged to people from Siena (Italy) and its surroundings (1882–1932) and, therefore, of European ethnicity. The present study reports (a) the osteological variations in hypoglossal canal (b) the morphometry of hypoglossal canal and its relationship with occipital condyles. One skull had both the right and left hypoglossal canals occluded and, therefore, could not be evaluated. None of the skulls had undergone surgery. Results We found a double canal in 16% of cases, unilaterally and bilaterally in 2% of cases. The mean length of the right and left hypoglossal canals was 8.46 mm. The mean diameter of the intracranial orifice and extracranial orifice of the right and left hypoglossal canals was 6.12 ± 1426 mm, and 6.39 ± 1495 mm. The mean distance from the intracranial end of the hypoglossal canal to the anterior and posterior ends of occipital condyles was 10,76 mm and 10,81 mm. The mean distance from the intracranial end of the hypoglossal canal to the inferior end of the occipital condyles was 7,65 mm. Conclusions The study on the hypoglossal canal adds new osteological and morphometric data to the previous literature, mostly based on studies conducted on different ethnic groups.The data presented is compatible with neuroradiological studies and it can be useful for radiologists and neurosurgeons in planning procedures such as transcondilar surgery. The last purpose of the study is to build an Italian anatomical data base of the dimensions of the hypoglossal canal in dried skulls..

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Hypoglossal canal: an osteological and morphometric study on a collection of dried skulls in an Italian population: clinical implications

Guarna,

Lorenzoni,

Franci

et al. 2023

Eur J Med Res

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Craniometric Study and Anatomical Variations of Base of Skull in a Thai Population Associated with Clinical Implications

Thunyacharoen

Mahakkanukrauh

2023

Applied Sciences

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Knowledge of anatomical variations in the base of the skull and anatomical landmarks is crucial for clinical procedures by surgeons, ENT physicians, and radiologists. This study investigated morphometric and anatomical variations in the foramen magnum, occipital condyles, hypoglossal canals, and jugular foramina to improve knowledge of the base of the skull’s complex anatomy and consider the anatomical variations via a morphometric study. One hundred and sixty intact skulls were investigated. Morphometric measurements showed that the foramen magnum, occipital condyles, hypoglossal canals, and jugular foramina were all significantly larger in males than females and could be useful for sex determination. Increased awareness of morphological location and anatomical landmark variation can improve surgical proficiency.

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Variant Anatomy of Hypoglossal Canal: An Osteological Study in North Indian Population

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Hypoglossal canal: an osteological and morphometric study on a collection of dried skulls in an Italian population: clinical implications

Hypoglossal canal: an osteological and morphometric study on a collection of dried skulls in an Italian population: clinical implications

Craniometric Study and Anatomical Variations of Base of Skull in a Thai Population Associated with Clinical Implications

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