One of the predictions related to the effect of climate change is that ecosystems could expand or reduce their ranges of distribution, as humid environments could become dry and vice versa; this in response to the degree of tolerance of the taxa, mainly plants, which conform them. For instance, within the family Leguminosae, it is considered that genus Mimosa is potentially able to tolerate a wide range of environmental variations. Mexican mimosas dominate in humid-warm and dry-warm ecosystems and, considering their biological and ecological importance, more studies are needed to establish the level of tolerance that these plants could have in relation to the changes that may occur in climatic elements such as temperature and precipitation. Therefore, known distribution maps and potential distribution models of Mimosa aculeaticarpa var. aculeaticarpa (mesic environment, wide distribution, endemic to Mexico) and M. luisana (dry environment, endemic to the Valley of Tehuacán-Cuicatlán, Puebla and Oaxaca states) were generated; hence, in order to support these maps and models, mainly the potential ones, the morphological characteristics of the seeds and the seed cover, and seed germination of both taxa, were described, analyzed, compared and evaluated; as well as the their wood anatomy, getting, in addition, the Vulnerability Index (VI) and the Mesomorphy Index (MI). With this information, it was possible to establish a basis for determining the degree of tolerance of both taxa to the possible changes predicted in temperature and Respuestas ecoanatómicas y ecofisiológicas de dos especies del género Mimosa (Leguminosae) ante el cambio climático tolerancia que presentan estos taxa para validar una ampliación o reducción de su distribución, sugerida por los modelos.