Variable Link Performance Due to Weather Effects in a Long-Range, Low-Power LoRa Sensor Network

Ameloot, Thomas; Torre, Patrick Van; Rogier, Hendrik

doi:10.3390/s21093128

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These factors are also complicated to quantify, but their impact is not negligible in long-term observation. The conclusion of the studies [32], whose task was to investigate these effects, is that the signal strength is inversely proportional to atmospheric temperature and directly proportional to relative humidity. The effect of relative humidity and temperature is higher on cloudy days than on sunny days.…”

Section: Materials and Methods-empirical Design Of The Idvor Targetin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reasonable Alternative System for Searching UAVs in the Local Area

Češkovič

Kurdel

Gecejová

et al. 2022

Sensors

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UAVs, used for professional purposes, often intervene in unfamiliar terrain and challenging conditions. Unlike recreational UAVs, such professional and specialised UAVs are very expensive to develop and operate, and their value is not negligible. Due to the nature of operations in an unknown or dangerous environment, there are also situations with forced interruption and termination of the flight mission or a collision with the environment. Locating a lost vehicle presents a new challenge for UAV operators. The possibilities of today’s localised commercial aircraft in distress (COSPASS/SARSAT systems) are undesirable for selective special-purpose drones. The optimisation of the location in the event of an emergency or catastrophic landing may be justified by a social or other condition, where the user wants to search for the device by a system other than the one experienced for rescuing people, ideally on their reserved frequencies. The article proposes a new approach to solving the problem based on the design of a terrestrial localisation system based on the methods of processing and correlation of the obtained data by the physical principle of the Doppler effect and its own system adaptation. This creates an innovative concept of a targeting system based on the broadcasting of distress (VHF) signal by crashed UAV. This signal is captured and evaluated by the IDVOR system, making it possible to determine the direction in which the searched UAV is placed. In order to determine the difference between standard targeting systems of the UAV, which use information about position (exact coordinates (x,y,z)), the IDVOR system is able to determine direction, independent of other systems in every “enemy” or “inhospitable” territory.

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Section: Materials and Methods-empirical Design Of The Idvor Targetin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reasonable Alternative System for Searching UAVs in the Local Area

Češkovič

Kurdel

Gecejová

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…2) Dynamic scenarios: The following three scenarios are considered to evaluate how the different schemes adapt to changes in network conditions, when: (i) new nodes are added to an existing network with a stable configuration; (ii) the average sending rate changes after a certain time, for instance, an application may temporarily require more data during certain time periods; (iii) the channel conditions vary due to changes in weather conditions [9], in-band traffic from other networks or even the presence of obstacles (e.g., people) near end devices [10]. All scenarios are evaluated in a network with one gateway and 500 nodes uniformly deployed within a radius of 4 km.…”

Section: Comparison Against State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, they target scenarios where the nodes are configured once with the appropriate SF and TP, i.e., it is assumed that the network conditions will remain constant, therefore, the parameters do not need to be altered. However, recent empirical studies have shown that channel conditions in LoRa vary over time due to the weather, the presence of obstacles, and in-band traffic [9,10]. Such changes can severely impact the reliability of LoRa networks.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning How to Configure LoRa Networks With No Regret: A Distributed Approach

Toro-Betancur

Premsankar

Liu

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf.

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LoRa is one of the most popular technologies for low-power wide area networks. It offers long-range communication with a low energy consumption, which makes it ideal for many applications in the Internet of things. The performance of LoRa networks depends on the communication parameters used by individual nodes. Several works have proposed different solutions, typically running on a central network server, to select these parameters. However, existing approaches have not addressed the need to (re-)assign parameters when channel conditions suddenly vary due to additional traffic, changes in the weather or the presence of obstacles. Moreover, allocation strategies that require a central entity to decide communication parameters do not scale due to the large number of configuration packets that must be sent to the nodes. To address these issues, this work proposes NoReL, a distributed game-theoretic approach that allows nodes to autonomously update their parameters and maximize their packet delivery ratio. NoReL is based on a stochastic variant of no-regret learning, which is proven to reach an -coarse correlated equilibrium in LoRa networks. Extensive simulations show that NoReL achieves a higher delivery ratio than the state of the art in both static and dynamic environments, with an improvement up to 12%. Index Terms-LoRa, no-regret learning, game theory, Internet of Things, low power wide area networks I. INTRODUCTIONLow-Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) offer longrange wireless communication with low energy consumption at low data rates [1]. This makes them ideal in the Internet of Things (IoT), especially for scenarios where sensors infrequently send small packets. Long Range (LoRa) is one of the most popular LPWAN technologies. It achieves communication ranges of 3-5 km in urban areas and 10-15 km in rural environments [2]. LoRa offers a scalable network architecture [3] where nodes simply send packets to all gateways in range, which in turn forward them to a central network server that filters out duplicates. For these reasons, LoRa has been used in several application scenarios, smart

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“…At the same time, it adopts SWD/JTAG debugging mode, which reduces the system overhead of debugging. [6] At the same time, the centralized controller in this control system adopts the μC/OS-III operating system, [7] which is convenient for the management of system resources, shortens the development cycle of the system, and makes the system more reliable and stable. In short, in addition to rich peripherals for people to use, this controller also has many advantages such as strong performance, higher code density, bitband operation, nestable terminals, low cost, and low power consumption.…”

Section: Hardware Modules Of the Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Centralized Control System for Smart Street Lights Based on STM32 and LoRa

Yang

2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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In order to solve the problem of waste of power and human resources in the traditional street lamp control system, this paper designs a smart street lamp centralized control system based on STM32 and LoRa technology. The centralized control system consists of a centralized control device and multiple single lamp control devices. The STM32F103 is the MCU of the centralized control device. The system uses the characteristics of low communication cost and long transmission distance of LoRa technology to realize the communication between the centralized control device and the single lamp control device. The centralized control device uses the Modbus RTU protocol to communicate with the sensor module, and adjusts according to environmental factors. The brightness of the street lamp realizes the "on-demand lighting" of the street lamp, and an adaptive rate algorithm is proposed to optimize the communication of the LoRa network and improve the working efficiency of the system. This centralized control system combines embedded and wireless communication technology and has advantages in cost, reliability, energy saving and intelligent control. It can be applied to street lamp lighting control in various environments. It has a high degree of intelligence and has a strong market potential.

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Variable Link Performance Due to Weather Effects in a Long-Range, Low-Power LoRa Sensor Network

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

A Reasonable Alternative System for Searching UAVs in the Local Area

A Reasonable Alternative System for Searching UAVs in the Local Area

Learning How to Configure LoRa Networks With No Regret: A Distributed Approach

Centralized Control System for Smart Street Lights Based on STM32 and LoRa

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