Variability of vegetation in tidal marshes of Maine, U.S.A.

Jacobson, Heather A.; Jacobson, George L.

doi:10.1139/b89-032

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This filter was strong in both regions, but especially in Georgia, where only 22% of species from the regional pool were found at any particular site. The flora of any particular salt marsh site can be quite variable (Jacobson and Jacobson 1989). Steep gradients in salinity and waterlogging that are characteristic of salt marshes vary in intensity from site to site and can mediate which species are present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Plant Diversity in Georgia and Texas Salt Marshes

Kunza

Pennings

2008

Estuaries and Coasts

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A fundamental question in ecology is how biological interactions and biogeographic processes interact to determine the biodiversity of local sites. We quantified patterns of plant species diversity on transects across elevation at 59 salt marsh sites in Georgia and 49 sites in Texas. Although these regions have similar climates and floras, we anticipated that diversity might differ because of differences in tidal regime. Diversity was measured at global, regional, site, and plot scales to consider processes occurring at all levels. Species pools were similar between regions. Texas had greater diversity at the site and plot scales, suggesting that processes occurring at the site scale differed. The greater diversity of Texas sites and plots was associated with wider distributions of individual species across the marsh landscape and proportionally more middle marsh (a high diversity zone) and less low marsh (a low diversity zone) than in Georgia marshes. Preliminary data suggested that these differences were not due to differences in salinity regime or standing biomass between regions, leaving differences in tidal regime as the most plausible hypothesis accounting for differences in plant diversity. We speculate that the less-predictable tidal regime in Texas leads to temporal variation in abiotic conditions that limit the ability of any one species to competitively exclude others from particular marsh zones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Plant Diversity in Georgia and Texas Salt Marshes

Kunza

Pennings

2008

Estuaries and Coasts

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“…This estuary is almost entirely tidal (Byrne and Ziegler 1977) and underlain by thick deposits of peat (3-5 m) up to 4,000 years old (Belknap et al 1987(Belknap et al , 1989Kelley et al 1995). The salt marsh surface is dominated by high-marsh meadow (~359 ha, mostly Spartina patens) intermixed with forb pannes (dominantly Triglochin maritimum and Plantago maritima), with the low-marsh plant S. alterniflora typically occurring along borders of tidal creeks and at lower elevations (~29 ha; Ewanchuk and Bertness 2004;Jacobson and Jacobson 1987). Salt pools are common (~51 ha; Kelley et al 1995;Dionne unpublished data).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratigraphic and Ecophysical Characterizations of Salt Pools: Dynamic Landforms of the Webhannet Salt Marsh, Wells, ME, USA

Wilson

Kelley

Croitoru

et al. 2009

Estuaries and Coasts

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Salt pools are water-filled depressions common to north-temperate salt marshes. In Wells, ME, USA, cores reveal a unique salt pool signature consisting of watersaturated dark-gray mud often containing fragments of Ruppia maritima. Cores through pool sediment reenter salt marsh peat, not tidal flat sediment, demonstrating that most pools are of secondary origin. A principal component analysis of attribute data collected from 119 pools defines three distinct pool types: those with (1) surrounding highmarsh vegetation and thick heavily undercut banks (40% of the variance), (2) surrounding low-marsh vegetation and thicker slightly undercut banks (18% of the variance), and (3) surrounding low-marsh vegetation and less thick moderately undercut banks, containing R. maritima and a surficial drainage (15% of the variance). Cores and spatiotemporal analyses of aerial photographs between 1962 and 2003 reveal dramatic salt marsh surface dynamism suggesting that salt pools influence the geomorphological evolution of coastal marshes.

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“…In a similar way to the debates surrounding development of large pollen (Huntley, 2012) or chironomid (Brooks and Birks, 2001) datasets, sampling designs need to adequately address variability within a marsh and between marshes separated by increasing distance. For example, at a single marsh in west Scotland, Shennan et al (2005) show that sedimentary and vegetation boundaries vary in the order of ±0.1 m. In Maine, Jacobson and Jacobson (1989) show salt marsh flora zonation varies greatly in both the number of zones present per marsh and the species assemblages within zones. Data from a single modern micro-fauna and -flora transect cannot determine spatial variability and in some cases the whole dataset is scaled by a single observation along the transect, such as the highest occurrence of foraminifera (e.g.…”

Section: Field Sampling Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt marshes as late Holocene tide gauges

Barlow

Shennan

Long

et al. 2013

Global and Planetary Change

103

101

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. (2013) 'Salt marshes as late Holocene tide gauges. ', Global and planetary change.,[106][107][108][109][110] Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2013.03.003Publisher's copyright statement: NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Global and planetary change. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A denitive version was subsequently published in Global and planetary change, 106, 2013Global and planetary change, 106, , 10.1016Global and planetary change, 106, /j.gloplacha.2013 Additional information:The north west Scotland modern diatom dataset presented in the paper is available for download from: http://www.dur.ac.uk/geography/qec/researchgroups/slru/sea l evel d ata/ Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Keywords:Relative sea-level change; salt marsh; transfer function; diatoms; foraminifera; reconstruction; trends; Holocene; errors 2 AbstractUnderstanding late Holocene to present relative sea-level changes at centennial or sub-centennial scales requires geological records that dovetail with the instrumental era. Salt marsh sediments are one of the most reliable geological tide gauges.In this paper we review the methodological and technical advances that promoted research on 'high resolution' late Holocene sea-level change. We work through an example to demonstrate different pathways to quantitative reconstructions of relative sea level based on salt marsh sediments. We demonstrate that any reconstruction is in part a result of the environment from which the record is taken, the modern dataset used to calibrate the fossil changes, statistical assumptions behind calibrating microfossil assemblages and choices made by the researchers. With the error term of typical transfer function models ~10-15% of the tidal range, micro-tidal environments should produce the most precise sea-level reconstructions. Sampled elevation range of the modern dataset also has a strong influence on model predictive ability. Model-specific errors may under represent total uncertainty which comes from field practices, sedimentary environment, palaeo-tidal changes and sediment compaction as well as statistical uncertainties. Geological tide gauges require a detailed chronology but we must be certain that apparent relative s...

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Variability of vegetation in tidal marshes of Maine, U.S.A.

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Patterns of Plant Diversity in Georgia and Texas Salt Marshes

Patterns of Plant Diversity in Georgia and Texas Salt Marshes

Stratigraphic and Ecophysical Characterizations of Salt Pools: Dynamic Landforms of the Webhannet Salt Marsh, Wells, ME, USA

Salt marshes as late Holocene tide gauges

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