Variability in the correlation between nicotine and PM2.5 as airborne markers of second-hand smoke exposure

Nicotine, aerosol particles, carbonyls and volatile organic compounds in tobacco- and menthol-flavored e-cigarettes

“…In this study, the median concentration of PM 2.5 was 21.1 μg/m 3 (mean: 59.86 μg/m 3 ), which is similar to the airborne concentrations in indoor and outdoor assessments of SHS exposure [15, 24] and passive exposure to EC emissions in a simulated café [25]. In this study, there was no significant difference in the concentration of PM 2.5 based on flavor, but flavor affected PM 2.5 levels in a prior study [26].…”

“…In this study, there was no significant difference in the concentration of PM 2.5 based on flavor, but flavor affected PM 2.5 levels in a prior study [26]. Previous studies reported that ECs deliver high levels of nanoparticles [1, 24, 27, 28], which can penetrate deep into the respiratory tract, reach the alveolar sacs [29, 30] and carry toxic chemicals into the blood stream. These toxic chemicals can then appear in various organs including the liver, kidney, heart and brain [31].…”

“…Nicotine is a highly addictive substance found in cigarette smoke and other tobacco products including ECs. A study by Fu and colleagues in Spain [24] collected 30-min measurements of airborne nicotine as a marker of second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure in various settings including healthcare centers, bars, public administration offices, educational centers, and on public transport. The median concentration of airborne nicotine was 1.36 μg/m 3 (range: 0.43 to 4.33 μg/m 3 ), which is similar to the levels observed in this study (median: 1.30 μg/m 3 , range: 0.50 to 7.60 μg/m 3 ).…”

Evaluation of Indoor ETS Exposure Levels in Pubs, PC Game Rooms, and Billiards Halls around a University Campus using PM2.5 Concentrations

“…한편 약 6,000여 종의 많은 화학물질로 구성된 ETS의 공기 중 농도를 측정하고 평가하기 위해서 지표물질에 대한 연구가 많이 이루어졌다 (Fu et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2015). Ⅱ.…”

Secondhand smoke in psychiatric units: patient and staff misperceptions

“…Finally, PM 2.5 is not a specific marker of secondhand tobacco smoke. However, this method of measurement obtains results that are similar to those using air nicotine concentrations in the absence of other sources of combustion16 29 30 and has been widely used to assess SHS levels in indoor spaces 31. Moreover, PM 2.5 control measurements showed low variability which strengthens the reliability of the indoor measurements.…”