“…We have developed the latter approach to test for intergenomic coadaptation in a haplodiploid mite species. Haplodiploidy is of great interest in such studies because chronic inbreeding occurs in many haplodiploid species (Werren, 1993), including phytophagous mites (Helle and Overmeer, 1973). In these species, inbreeding depression is expected to be low in the original cytoplasmic background, because recessive nuclear genes are continuously purged, including those potentially interacting with cytoplasmic genes.…”
Nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes can coevolve antagonistically or harmoniously to affect fitness. One commonly used test for nuclear-cytoplasmic coadaptation relies on the breakup of coadapted gene complexes by introgression, potentially resulting in an increased frequency of nuclear alleles in deleterious interaction with an alien cytoplasm. We investigated the phenotypic effect of such genes on female reproduction in outbred and inbred introgressed lines of the haplodiploid mite Tetranychus urticae. Introgression changed female lifetime fecundity and increased male production, in ways suggesting a control of fecundity by nuclear genes. Conversely introgression reduced the fertilization rate, possibly due to sperm-egg incompatibility or maternal effects. The intensity of inbreeding depression expressed as a reduction in fecundity was more severe in introgressed females than in nonintrogressed ones, giving evidence for recessive interacting alleles contributing to residual nucleocytoplasmic incompatibility. Overall, our data suggest recessive negative interactions between nuclear and cytoplasmic genes. This study is the first report of a contribution of nuclear polymorphism within a population to deleterious interactions with an alien cytoplasmic genome.
“…We have developed the latter approach to test for intergenomic coadaptation in a haplodiploid mite species. Haplodiploidy is of great interest in such studies because chronic inbreeding occurs in many haplodiploid species (Werren, 1993), including phytophagous mites (Helle and Overmeer, 1973). In these species, inbreeding depression is expected to be low in the original cytoplasmic background, because recessive nuclear genes are continuously purged, including those potentially interacting with cytoplasmic genes.…”
Nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes can coevolve antagonistically or harmoniously to affect fitness. One commonly used test for nuclear-cytoplasmic coadaptation relies on the breakup of coadapted gene complexes by introgression, potentially resulting in an increased frequency of nuclear alleles in deleterious interaction with an alien cytoplasm. We investigated the phenotypic effect of such genes on female reproduction in outbred and inbred introgressed lines of the haplodiploid mite Tetranychus urticae. Introgression changed female lifetime fecundity and increased male production, in ways suggesting a control of fecundity by nuclear genes. Conversely introgression reduced the fertilization rate, possibly due to sperm-egg incompatibility or maternal effects. The intensity of inbreeding depression expressed as a reduction in fecundity was more severe in introgressed females than in nonintrogressed ones, giving evidence for recessive interacting alleles contributing to residual nucleocytoplasmic incompatibility. Overall, our data suggest recessive negative interactions between nuclear and cytoplasmic genes. This study is the first report of a contribution of nuclear polymorphism within a population to deleterious interactions with an alien cytoplasmic genome.
“…It feeds on a large variety of plant families including many crops, and displays a large amount of variation in its morphology, physiology (tolerance to insecticides, response to photoperiod), sex ratios, etc. (Helle & Overmeer, 1973). Reproductive incompatibilities, possibly caused by endosymbionts (Tsagkarakou et a!., 1996a), have often been recorded (de Boer, 1985).…”
Montpe/Iier II (case courrier 065), P/ace S. Batail/on, 34095 Montpe//ier and tLaboratoire de Zoo/ogle, INRA, Z P/ace P. Via/a, 34060 Montpe//ier, FranceThe polymorphism of four isozymes was studied on single females of Tetranychus urticae from Crete (Greece), using an isoelectric focusing technique. Genetic differentiation was found to be correlated with distance but not with the species of colonized host-plants. Thus no differentiation was observed between samples collected on citrus trees, tomato, pumpkin, okra or weed plants located within a 50 m2 area, showing that at this geographical scale T urticae populations are panmictic. In contrast, samples from plants at 150 m or more from one another displayed a significant genetic differentiation. These results are discussed in relation to the known pattern of migration in the species.
“…O isolamento reprodutivo entre populações provenientes de C. sinensis e P. aquatica provavelmente estabeleceu-se devido à seqüência adaptativa possivelmente ocorrida; primeiro entre as populações de C. sinensis com o novo hospedeiro, H. brasiliensis, seguida pela colonização de populações de H. brasiliensis em P. aquatica. A isso soma-se a rápida diferenciação sofrida pelos ácaros pelo seu modo de reprodução haplodiplóide, que diminui a variabilidade genética intrapopulacional e ao mesmo tempo aumenta a diferença entre as populações (HELLE & OVERMEER 1973). Então, considerando a polifagia e a ampla distribuição geográfica, é esperado que novas linhagens possam ser freqüentemente descobertas.…”
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