Variability in Institutional Screening Practices Related to Collegiate Student-Athlete Mental Health

Kroshus, Emily

doi:10.4085/1062-6050-51.5.07

Cited by 42 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Researchers have observed that National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I institutions are more likely than Division II and III institutions to screen for mental health concerns, with some of this difference explained by greater staffing in the sports medicine departments of Division I institutions. 18 Consequently, we also made comparisons by division of competition, testing the hypothesis that Division I institutions would engage in more extensive screening than Division II and III institutions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Collegiate Athletic Trainers' Knowledge of the Female Athlete Triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport

Kroshus

DeFreese

Kerr

2018

Journal of Athletic Training

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Continuing education for ATs about the Triad and RED-S may encourage a more comprehensive approach to referral and screening after a diagnosis of menstrual dysfunction or bone-stress injury. Using institutional opportunities, such as preparticipation screening, for identifying components of the Triad or RED-S and specifying protocols for referring athletes who screen positive for 1 of these components should also be explored.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Collegiate Athletic Trainers' Knowledge of the Female Athlete Triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport

Kroshus

DeFreese

Kerr

2018

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…We identified a significant difference between divisions for emergency (χ 2 =13.056, df=2, p=0.001) and routine policies (χ 2 =9.264, df=2, p=0.010), whereby concern, therefore it is important the athletic trainer and other health care providers in athletic medicine are prepared prior to a situation arising. 4,12,13 The athletic trainer may provide care in emergency mental health situations. 14 A psychiatric emergency is an acute disturbance of behavior, thought, or mood of a person, which if untreated may lead to harm to either the individual or others.…”

Section: Policies and Confidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Athletic trainers must be adequately prepared to recognize, refer, and prevent a wide variety of mental health conditions. 4,8,[12][13][14][15] Due to their close proximity and frequent contact with student-athletes, athletic trainers have the responsibility to implement best practices to preventing, identifying, and referring mental health related illnesses. 14 Early detection is key to preventing emergency situations, though this is particularly true with depression screenings given the increased risk of self-harm.…”

Section: Policies and Confidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Based on previous research and current statistics, nearly all athletic trainers working in the collegiate setting will provide medical care to a student-O n l i n e F i r s t athlete that has experienced mental health concerns. 4,12,13 This document provides practical steps with resources and recommendations for athletic and sports medicine departments to promote the mental wellbeing of student-athletes. 15 The NCAA best practices include four components: (1) providing access to mental healthcare, (2) procedures for identifying and referring studentathletes, (3) preparticipation mental health screening, and (4) environments that support mental wellbeing and resilience.…”

Section: O N L I N E F I R S T Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparedness, Confidence, and Best Practices in Preventing, Recognizing, and Managing Mental Health Cases in National Collegiate Athletic Association Institutions

Young

Neil²,

Granger

et al. 2020

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Currently, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) recommends written policies and procedures that outline steps to support student athletes facing a mental health challenge and the referral processes for emergency and non-emergency mental health situations. Objective: To assess the mental health policies and procedures implemented and athletic trainers' perceived confidence in preventing, recognizing and managing routine and crisis mental health cases across all three divisions of NCAA athletics. Design: Cross-sectional survey design and chart review. Setting: Online survey Participants: Athletic trainers with clinical responsibility at NCAA member institutions (n=1091, 21.5% response rate). Main Outcome Measure(s): Confidence in screening, preventative patient education, recognizing and referring routine and emergency mental health conditions (5-point Likert scale: 1= not at all confident, 2= hardly confident, 3= somewhat confident, 4= fairly confident, 5=very confident) using a content-validated survey (Cronbach's α=0.904) and mental health policy and procedure chart review. Results: Respondents indicated they felt “fairly confident” with screening (40.21%, n=76/189) for risk of any mental health condition and “fairly confident” in implementing preventative patient education (42.11%, n=80/190). Respondents were “fairly confident” they could recognize (48.95%, n=93/190) and refer (45.79%, n=87/190) routine mental health conditions. Respondents were “fairly confident” they could recognize (46.84%, n=89/190), but “very confident” (46.32%, n=88/190) they could refer mental health emergencies. Policies lacked separate procedures for specific emergency mental health situations such as suicidal/homicidal ideation (36.1%), sexual assault (33.3%), substance abuse (19.4%), and confusional state (13.9%). Policies lacked prevention measures such as student athlete involvement (16.7%) in annual mental health education (16.7%). Conclusions: While athletic trainers were generally confident in their ability to address emergency and routine mental health conditions, opportunities exist to improve policies for prevention, screening, and referral. Best practice guidelines should be used as a guide to develop policies that foster an environment of mental health wellness.

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“…More universal screening and follow-up with treatment referrals for individuals with a gambling disorder are especially important 114. Coaches and athletic directors remain in a unique position to help promote prevention programmes and assist athletes who are experiencing gambling problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Problem gambling and associated mental health concerns in elite athletes: a narrative review

et al. 2019

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Opportunities to participate in gambling have dramatically changed during the past 20 years. Casinos have proliferated as have electronic gambling machines, lotteries, sports betting, and most recently online gambling. Gambling among the general population has moved from being perceived negatively to a socially acceptable pastime. As over 80% of individuals have reported gambling for money during their lifetime, governments recognise that regulating gambling—a multibillion dollar industry—is a significant source of revenue. While the vast majority of individuals engaged in some form of gambling have no or few gambling-related problems, an identifiable proportion of both adolescents and adults experience significant gambling-related problems. Elite athletes have not been immune to the lure of gambling nor its concomitant problems. Prevalence studies suggest higher rates of gambling problems among athletes than the general population. In this narrative review, we examine several risk factors associated with gambling problems among elite athletes and new forms of gambling that may be problematic for this population. Given the potential serious mental health and performance consequences associated with a gambling disorder for athletes, we aim to increase coaches’, athletic directors’ and health professionals’ knowledge concerning the importance of screening and treatment referrals.

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Variability in Institutional Screening Practices Related to Collegiate Student-Athlete Mental Health

Cited by 42 publications

References 33 publications

Collegiate Athletic Trainers' Knowledge of the Female Athlete Triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport

Collegiate Athletic Trainers' Knowledge of the Female Athlete Triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport

Preparedness, Confidence, and Best Practices in Preventing, Recognizing, and Managing Mental Health Cases in National Collegiate Athletic Association Institutions

Problem gambling and associated mental health concerns in elite athletes: a narrative review

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