Vaporization and atomization of boron in the graphite furnace investigated by electrothermal vaporization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Solid sampling-electrothermal vaporization-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the direct determination of traces of boron in biological materials using isotope dilution for calibration

“…Boron is a complicated element for those methods based on atomization or vaporization in an electrothermal vaporizer. [20][21][22] On the one hand, this element can form refractory carbides, which are responsible for the appearance of peaks exhibiting prolonged tailings. [21][22][23] This behaviour results in memory effects and irreproducibility.…”

“…[24][25][26] Moreover, boron can also form volatile oxides which are vaporized at relatively low temperatures (values ranging from 600 1C to 900 1C are mentioned most often in the literature). 20,23,24,27,28 The poor sensitivity reported when using GFAAS for B determination has been attributed to the formation of these oxides, since they may be lost before the formation of B atoms, which occurs at temperatures of at least 2200-2300 1C. 20,21,29 This is not necessarily a problem when using ETV-ICP-MS or ETV-ICP-OES, since only vaporization and not atomization is needed for these techniques.…”

Investigation of interference mechanism of cobalt chloride on the determination of bismuth by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

“…Non-spectral interferences in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) have been attributed to several processes: gas-phase combination reaction between analyte and matrix decomposition products in the atomization step [5,6]; occlusion of analyte atoms in microparticles of matrix in the condensed phase which are blown out of the tube without decomposing in the atomization step 0584-8547/$ -see front matter D 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.sab.2004.11.001 [7][8][9], formation of a volatile compound between analyte and matrix before the atomization step and its loss by vaporization in molecular form at the beginning of atomization step or during the pyrolysis step, depending on the temperature [10][11][12][13][14]; expulsion of analyte atoms together with rapidly expanding matrix gases in the atomization step [9][10][11]15]; formation of a thermally stable compound of analyte upon its reaction with matrix constituents, which is not efficiently atomized compared to matrix-free analyte [5,10,12,13].…”

Investigation of interference mechanisms of nickel chloride on copper determination and of colloidal palladium as modifier in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using a dual cavity platform

“…The mechanisms proposed can be summarized as follows: (i) gas-phase combination reaction between analyte and matrix decomposition products in the atomization stage [1,2]; (ii) occlusion of the analyte in matrix micro particles, which are carried out of the tube without decomposing in the atomization stage [3 -5]; (iii) expulsion of analyte atoms together with rapidly expanding matrix gases in the atomization stage [5 -8]; (iv) formation of a thermally stable compound of analyte with matrix constituents, which is not as efficiently atomized as matrix-free analyte [1,6,9,10]; (v) formation of a volatile compound between analyte and matrix in the condensed phase and its vaporization in molecular form in the pyrolysis stage [6 -9,11]. However, most of the interferences reported in early publications have been overcome by using an appropriate modifier under Stabilized Temperature Platform Furnace (STPF) conditions [12].…”