Vapor–gas/liquid nucleation experiments: A review of the challenges

Anisimov, M. A.; Fominykh, E. G.; Akimov, S. V.; Hopke, Philip K.

doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2009.06.002

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…2 Many homogeneous water nucleation experiments were conducted in the past decades. [3][4][5][6][7] With various experimental methods, the measured nucleation rates range from 10 4 m −3 s −1 up to 10 23 m −3 s −1 . The nucleation pressures vary between 40 kPa and 4.0 MPa, while nucleation temperatures range from 200 K to 320 K.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the effect of pressure and carrier gas on homogeneous water nucleation

Fransen

Hrubý

Smeulders

et al. 2015

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Homogeneous nucleation rates of water droplets were measured at a nucleation temperature close to 240 K in a Pulse-Expansion Wave Tube (PEWT). Several measures were taken to improve the data obtained with the PEWT. For instance, the molar water vapor fraction was determined with three independent techniques. The resulting standard uncertainty of the supersaturation was within 1.8%. Results are given for water nucleation in helium at 100 kPa and at 1000 kPa and in nitrogen at 1000 kPa. Two trends were observed: (i) the values of the nucleation rate of water in helium at 1000 kPa are slightly but significantly higher (factor 3) than its values at 100 kPa and (ii) nucleation rates of water in nitrogen at 1000 kPa are clearly higher (factor 10) than in helium at the same pressure. It is argued that the explanation of the two observed trends is different. For case (i), it is the insufficient thermalization of the growing water clusters in helium at the lowest pressure that has a reducing effect on the nucleation rate, although a full quantitative agreement has not yet been reached. For case (ii), thermal effects being negligible, it is the pressure dependency of the surface tension, much stronger for nitrogen than for helium, that explains the trends observed, although also here a full quantitative agreement has not yet been achieved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the effect of pressure and carrier gas on homogeneous water nucleation

Fransen

Hrubý

Smeulders

et al. 2015

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…However, experiments since the 1980s have brought forth quite ambiguous results on the influence of the amount and the type of the carrier gas on the observed nucleation rate. A comprehensive review of the subject is given by Brus et al [2006], and, as noted by Anisimov et al [2009], the pressure effect is deemed as one of the most challenging topics in nucleation research. The measurements conducted by Brus et al [2006, 2008] and Hyvärinen et al [2006] in diffusion based devices increased the knowledge of the carrier gas effect on n‐ alcohols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How ambient pressure influences water droplet nucleation at tropospheric conditions

Hyvärinen

Brus

Wedekind

et al. 2010

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] Nucleation theories typically neglect the influence of the ambient pressure on the condensation of droplets from a supersaturated vapor, despite increasing experimental evidence. We have applied a recently presented model that incorporates this effect to the homogeneous nucleation rates of water at tropospheric conditions. We measured experimental pressure dependent nucleation rates of water in helium at low to intermediate pressures and at temperatures from 240-270 K with the laminar flow diffusion chamber. The observed pressure effect shows a clear positive effect (increasing nucleation rate with increasing pressure) at 270 K and a weaker effect with lower temperatures, consistent with the theory. The experimental pressure effect was more pronounced than predicted by theory. The same principle of the pressure effect should also hold for heterogeneous nucleation of water, which implies that water vapor removal by droplet nucleation of water may be suppressed at tropospheric conditions. Citation: Hyvärinen, A.-P., D. Brus, J. Wedekind, and H. Lihavainen (2010), How ambient pressure influences water droplet nucleation at tropospheric conditions, Geophys. Res. Lett.,

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“…Developing a successful nucleation standard and introducing this standard into common nucleation research practice will be key advancements in the field. Having a better understanding of the effects of carrier gas will clarify the nature of the inconsistencies between different experimental data sets (Anisimov et al, 2003(Anisimov et al, , 2009 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This research is part of an effort to obtain better Figure 6. Recent data by Brus and colleagues (2005) (Anisimov et al, 2009 280, 275, 270, and265 °K. Open symbols: Lihavainen andViisanen (1998a, 1998b) (Brus et al, 2005).…”

Section: Empirical Gas Pressure Effectmentioning

confidence: 91%

Aerosol Science and Technology: History and Reviews

Ensor¹

2011

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Aerosol Science and Technology: History and Reviews captures an exciting slice of history in the evolution of aerosol science. It presents in-depth biographies of four leading international aerosol researchers and highlights pivotal research institutions in New York, Minnesota, and Austria. One collection of chapters reflects on the legacy of the Pasadena smog experiment, while another presents a fascinating overview of military applications and nuclear aerosols. Finally, prominent researchers offer detailed reviews of aerosol measurement, processes, experiments, and technology that changed the face of aerosol science. This volume is the third in a series and is supported by the American Association for Aerosol Research (AAAR) History Working Group, whose goal is to produce archival books from its symposiums on the history of aerosol science to ensure a lasting record. It is based on papers presented at the Third Aerosol History Symposium on September 8 and 9, 2006, in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.

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Vapor–gas/liquid nucleation experiments: A review of the challenges

Cited by 23 publications

References 60 publications

On the effect of pressure and carrier gas on homogeneous water nucleation

On the effect of pressure and carrier gas on homogeneous water nucleation

How ambient pressure influences water droplet nucleation at tropospheric conditions

Aerosol Science and Technology: History and Reviews

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