Value of Five Tumor Markers (AFP, CEA, hCG, hPL and SP&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) in Diagnosis and Staging of Testicular Germ Cell Tumors

Szymendera, J; Zborzil, J; Sikorowa, L; Kamińska, Janina; Gadek, A

doi:10.1159/000225555

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Of the latter group, tumors from 20 patients contained only one histological component: teratoma or embryonal carcinoma, while 14 contained two components: terato ma or embryonal carcinoma with an admixture of seminomatous elements. These nonseminomatous tumors arc known as non producing the conventional markers [1][2][3], Only 16 patients had nonseminomatous tumors producing the markers amply (table I).…”

Section: Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The assays for CEA, AFP and hCG were described previously [1]. Serum ferritin was assayed with a commercial kit by a com petitive double-antibody technique (Amersham).…”

Section: Radioimmunoassay Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serial determinations of CEA, AFP and hCG in serum significantly contribute to the diagnosis, staging and management of patients with germ cell tumors of the testis [1][2][3]. However, serum concentrations of these markers are within normal limits in most pa tients with seminoma, pure embryonal carcinoma, pure teratoma, and the latter two types of tumors with seminomatous admixture [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, serum concentrations of these markers are within normal limits in most pa tients with seminoma, pure embryonal carcinoma, pure teratoma, and the latter two types of tumors with seminomatous admixture [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Usefulness of Serum Ferritin Measurements in Patients with Testicular Germ Cell Tumors

Szymendera¹,

Kozłowicz-Gudzińska²,

Madej³

et al. 1985

Oncology

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In 50 patients with seminoma and in 50 with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis, serum levels of conventional markers (CEA, AFP, hCG) and ferritin were measured at the time of admission and during management. The conventional markers behaved as reported previously. After orchiectomy, elevated levels of ferritin were found in the presence as well as in the absence of tumor; the extent of these elevations was highly variable. Serial determinations of serum ferritin showed two patterns of variation. First, in patients treated with retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, irradiation, and chemotherapy regimens without platinum, decreasing levels of the conventional markers and serum ferritin were associated with response to therapy and increasing levels with relapse of tumor. Second, in patients treated with chemotherapy regimens containing cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, the conventional markers returned to normal values while the ferritin level doubled or tripled and returned to pretreatment or normal values only several weeks after therapy. Thus, it appears that hyperferritinemia was a sensitive index of platinum toxicity. We conclude that the serum ferritin level has no value in staging after orchiectomy but is a useful index of response to therapy during treatment with retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, irradiation or chemotherapy without platinum or relapse of tumor. During treatment with platinum, elevated levels might be explained as a possible toxic side effect of this drug.

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Section: Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The assays for CEA, AFP and hCG were described previously [1]. Serum ferritin was assayed with a commercial kit by a com petitive double-antibody technique (Amersham).…”

Section: Radioimmunoassay Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Clinical Usefulness of Serum Ferritin Measurements in Patients with Testicular Germ Cell Tumors

Szymendera¹,

Kozłowicz-Gudzińska²,

Madej³

et al. 1985

Oncology

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“…Serial determinations of these markers after orchiectomy and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) can be a valuable tool in (a) assigning the true stage of disease, and (b) monitoring therapy [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Five Tumor Markers (AFP, CEA, hCG, hPL and SP<sub>1</sub>) in Monitoring Therapy and Follow-up of Patients with Testicular Germ Cell Tumors

Szymendera

Zborzil²,

Sikorowa³

et al. 1983

Oncology

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61 patients with seminoma and 113 with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis were treated according to the histology, stage of disease, and serum levels of tumor markers (CEA, AFP, hCG, hPL and SP₁). 33 were stage I, 63 stage II, and 78 stage III patients. Most patients with seminoma, mature teratoma, immature teratoma, and ‘pure type’ embryonal carcinoma, as well as the latter three types with seminomatous admixture, had normal serum levels of the markers. Sometimes, slightly elevated levels of hCG suggested the presence of metastases. But, serial measurements of the markers were seldom useful in monitoring therapy. The 5-year tumor-free survival rates were favorable: 100% for stage I and II disease; and 57 or 44% for, respectively, stage III seminoma or the other tumors amounting to 10% of the nonseminomatous group. The role of the five markers was significant in patients with teratoma with malignant transformation, choriocarcinoma, endodermal sinus tumor (EST), and embryonal carcinoma or teratocarcinoma with an admixture of EST or choriocarcinoma or both. Elevation of a marker was a grave prognostic sign. The 5-year survival rates were 100, 16, and 4% for stages I, II and III disease, respectively. An elevated level of one or more of the markers assayed was always useful for monitoring therapy. Decreasing level indicated regression. However, return of an elevated level to normal did not indicate eradication of all tumor and called for diagnosis by imaging modalities. Constantly elevated or increasing marker levels during treatment indicated resistance to therapy. An increasing level from any nadir during remission indicated recurrence. Elevated levels of any of the five markers tested were as important as imaging modalities, and often more sensitive.

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Pediatric Germ Cell and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin—Producing Tumors

Englund

Geffner²,

Nagel³

et al. 1991

Am J Dis Child

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Value of Five Tumor Markers (AFP, CEA, hCG, hPL and SP<sub>1</sub>) in Diagnosis and Staging of Testicular Germ Cell Tumors

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Clinical Usefulness of Serum Ferritin Measurements in Patients with Testicular Germ Cell Tumors

Clinical Usefulness of Serum Ferritin Measurements in Patients with Testicular Germ Cell Tumors

Evaluation of Five Tumor Markers (AFP, CEA, hCG, hPL and SP<sub>1</sub>) in Monitoring Therapy and Follow-up of Patients with Testicular Germ Cell Tumors

Pediatric Germ Cell and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin—Producing Tumors

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