Valorization of various sources of rabbit manure in agro-piscicultural system in Benin (West Africa): dynamics and effect of mineralization upon quality of fresh water

Abstract

Purpose Rising demand of fish generates various pressures on aquatic ecosystems, causing its deterioration and the loss of its biodiversity. With the aim of a better management and fish production in a salubrious environment, this study proposes the utilization of organic fertilizers from rabbit manure. Methods The treatments consisted of manure of rabbits fed with: manufactured diet (T 1 ), improved diet with Ipomea aquatic (T 2 ), improved diet with Elaeis guineensis (T 3 ), and improved diet with Panicum maximum (T 4 ). Indeed, experimental design was a completely randomized block design with three replications. 6 g in 10 L of water from the different manures from each diet was followed during 50 days. Various nutrients were measured. Results After the mineralization process, the best manure which released more nutrients was T 4 with measured proportions of N-NO 2 -, N-NO 3 -, N-NH 3 , P-PO 4 3-, Ca 2? , Mg 2? , K ? , and suspended matter being 0.06 ± 0.0, 0.38 ± 0.1, 0.85 ± 0.1, 8.27 ± 0.9, 12.11 ± 0.8, 4.47 ± 0.3, 3.02 ± 0.2, and 140.78 ± 18.6 mg/L, respectively. The highest content of phosphorus and nitrogen was recorded in T 4 and T 2 , respectively. The principal component analysis showed a positive correlation between P-PO 4 3-, Ca 2? , Mg 2? , MES, conductivity, and salinity during mineralization.Conclusion Manure from rabbits fed by an improved diet with P. maximum (T 4 ) was recommended for agro-piscicultural production system.

Alimentation des lapins (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i> L.) <i>à base de Azolla filiculoïdes, Elaeis guineensis, Ipomoea aquatica et Panicum maximum</i>: Effet sur la croissance des lapins et potentiel nutritif des crottes pour l’aquaculture

“…En revanche, la proportion d'azote dans les différentes crottes obtenues dans ce travail est largement supérieure à la concentration proposée par les mêmes auteurs qui est de 1,4 N mg/L. Une valeur supérieure à 0,5 P mg/L pourrait être source d'eutrophisation (Adande et al, 2017 ;Struijs et al, 2010).…”

Effect of Different Doses of Rabbit Manure on the Abundance, Growth Rate and Production of Zooplankton in Plurispecific System for Fish Larvae Feeding

“…Buckets were filled with 40 liters of demineralized water and immediately fertilized. Manures are from rabbits fed with a low price diet but provided good performances on rabbits rearing (Adande et al, 2017; in press) and is made of 2% of dried cassava, 30% of maize bran, 10% of palmist cake, 10% of soya cake, 5% of cotton cake, 2% of shell, 10% of malt, 5% of beer yeast, 10% of Panicum maximum and 1% of salt. Manures contained 15.02%, 1.26% and 0.84% of N, P and K respectively.…”

“…Chemical fertilizers (minerals) are the former used for phytoplankton production for the purpose of zooplankton production (Boyd et al, 2008) while organic fertilizers genuine vegetal or animal are the second used (Dalme et al, 2011). Between these two categories of fertilizer, the first type is dangerous to the environment and also expensive while the second type is less expensive and does not present any risk for the environment (Agadjihouèdé et al, 2011;Adande et al, 2017). These findings justify nowadays the easy use of organic fertilizers genuine animal such as cow and poultry manure (Agadjihouèdé et al, 2010), and pig dung (Ekelemu et al, 2011), in zooplankton production.…”

Multispecies Fresh Water Algae Production for Fish Farming Using Rabbit Manure

“…Animal wastes are valorized in aquaculture as fertilizers to increase halieutic production in order to meet the crescent fish demand observed these latter years [1][2][3][4]. Due to their low cost and low pollution risks when recycling and treatments cautions are taken off stream of production system, certain animal wastes such as rabbit manure whose mineral salts richness is well known are used at the detriment of chemical fertilizers to increase primary production in fish farming systems in order to produce fresh water zooplankton and benthic macro-invertebrate that constitute the main food source for fish larvae and fries [5][6][7][8][9] In some western countries, modern technologies are used to produce important algae biomass for fish farming from these wastes [10], unfortunately these technologies are often highly expensive and not adapted to developing countries.…”

“…Due to their low cost and low pollution risks when recycling and treatments cautions are taken off stream of production system, certain animal wastes such as rabbit manure whose mineral salts richness is well known are used at the detriment of chemical fertilizers to increase primary production in fish farming systems in order to produce fresh water zooplankton and benthic macro-invertebrate that constitute the main food source for fish larvae and fries [5][6][7][8][9] In some western countries, modern technologies are used to produce important algae biomass for fish farming from these wastes [10], unfortunately these technologies are often highly expensive and not adapted to developing countries. In developing countries where sun light and temperature are naturally high to favor the utilization of mineral salts (ammonium, nitrate, nitrite and orthophosphate) by algae, simple and low cost algal production technics from animal wastes can be used in fish farming [4,8,9,11]. Algae are food for zooplankton and benthic macro-invertebrates that must be rich in nutrients (lipids, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, polysaccharides, carotenoids, steroids, and premium vitamins for fish growth [12] in order to guarantee a good fish production.…”