Valorisation of xylose to renewable fuels and chemicals, an essential step in augmenting the commercial viability of lignocellulosic biorefineries

Narisetty, Vivek; Cox, R. W.; Bommareddy, Rajesh Reddy; Agrawal, Deepti; Ahmạd, Ejaz; Pant, Kamal Kishore; Chandel, Anuj K.; Bhatia, Shashi Kant; Kumar, Dinesh; Binod, Parameswaran; Gupta, Vijai Kumar; Kumar, Vinod

doi:10.1039/d1se00927c

Cited by 67 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 265 publications

(288 reference statements)

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“…The biotechnological process of xylitol production is centered on the metabolism of xylose by microorganisms that can naturally utilize pentose sugars as a carbon source. Xylitol is produced by these microorganisms as an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of xylose (Narisetty et al, 2022). The first step in the metabolism of D-xylose occurring in yeast and fungi involves xylose reductase which reduces D-xylose to xylitol (Verduyn et al, 1985).…”

Section: Xylitol Production By Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Xylitol: Bioproduction and Applications-A Review

et al. 2022

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Xylitol, a natural compound classified as a sugar alcohol, is found diversely in fruits and vegetables in small quantities. Commercial production of xylitol has expanded due to its health benefits and wide applications as an alternative sweetener in food and pharmaceutical products. Production of xylitol on large scale is industrially being achieved by the chemical method. However, the biotechnological method offers the possibilities of lowered cost and energy compared to the chemical methods. It involves the conversion of xylose to xylitol by microbes or enzymes which is environmentally safe. This review highlights the prospects of the biotechnological method of xylitol production. Various microorganisms that have been used to produce xylitol, the bioprocess parameters, and genetic modifications to increase xylitol yield have been reviewed. In addition, the applications, benefits, and safety concerns to health have been discussed.

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Section: Xylitol Production By Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the process of xylitol bioconversion, continuous availability of NADPH is required so that there is limited oxidation of xylitol to xylulose. Numerous research works have been done to screen microbial strains that can efficiently produce xylitol (Hernández-Pérez et al, 2019;Narisetty et al, 2022).…”

Section: Xylitol Production By Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xylitol: Bioproduction and Applications-A Review

et al. 2022

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“…Lignocellulosic raw materials, such as sugarcane bagasse and straw, are mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, presenting a recalcitrant matrix that needs to be disrupted to make the fermentable sugars from hemicellulose and cellulose available. In order to circumvent this complex structure, a pretreatment step is mandatory [6], releasing mainly glucose from cellulose and xylose from hemicellulose fractions. The ethanol production from C6 sugars can be done in the well-established 1G process using S. cerevisiae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Immobilization Using Alginate-Based Beads as a Protective Technique against Stressful Conditions of Hydrolysates for 2G Ethanol Production

et al. 2022

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The development of biorefineries brings the necessity of an efficient consumption of all sugars released from biomasses, including xylose. In addition, the presence of inhibitors in biomass hydrolysates is one of the main challenges in bioprocess feasibility. In this study, the application of Ca-alginate hybrid gels in the immobilization of xylose-consuming recombinant yeast was explored with the aim of improving the tolerance of inhibitors. The recombinant yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae GSE16-T18SI.1 (T18) was immobilized in Ca-alginate and Ca-alginate–chitosan hybrid beads, and its performance on xylose fermentation was evaluated in terms of tolerance to different acetic acid concentrations (0–12 g/L) and repeated batches of crude sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate. The use of the hybrid gel improved yeast performance in the presence of 12 g/L of acetic acid, achieving 1.13 g/L/h of productivity and reaching 75% of the theoretical ethanol yield, with an improvement of 32% in the xylose consumption rate (1:1 Vbeads/Vmedium, 35 °C, 150 rpm and pH 5.2). The use of hybrid alginate–chitosan gel also led to better yeast performance at crude hydrolysate, yielding one more batch than the pure-alginate beads. These results demonstrate the potential of a hybrid gel as an approach that could increase 2G ethanol productivity and allow cell recycling for a longer period.

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“…Considerable work has been devoted to quantitatively assessing the contribution of individual EFMs towards external metabolite production of bioreactors [11] and correlating activity of specific EFMs with metabolic phenotypes [12]. More recently, EFM analyses have been applied to predict metabolic interactions in complex microbial communities [13], estimate cellular processes explaining exponential cell growth [14], and optimize renewable fuel production in bioreactors [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Markov constraint to uniquely identify elementary flux mode weights in unimolecular metabolic networks

Chitpin

Perkins

2022

Preprint

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Motivation: Elementary flux modes (EFMs) are minimal, steady state pathways characterizing a flux network. Fundamentally, all steady state fluxes in a network are decomposable into a linear combination of EFMs. While there is typically no unique set of EFM weights that reconstructs these fluxes, several optimization-based methods have been proposed to constrain the solution space by enforcing some notion of parsimony. However, even these approaches may fail to uniquely identify EFM weights and, therefore, return different feasible solutions across objective functions and solvers. Results: Using simulated and biological networks, we demonstrate how optimization-based methods may return one of infinitely many EFM weight solutions that reconstruct the network fluxes. For unimolecular flux networks, we propose a natural, Markovian constraint to uniquely identify EFM weights explaining steady state fluxes. We describe an algorithm for computing these weights by reformulating the flux decomposition problem in terms of a certain discrete-time Markov chain. We demonstrate our method with a differential analysis of EFM activity in a lipid metabolic network comparing healthy and Alzheimer's disease patients. Conclusion: Our method is the first to uniquely decompose steady state fluxes into EFM weights for any unimolecular metabolic network.

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Valorisation of xylose to renewable fuels and chemicals, an essential step in augmenting the commercial viability of lignocellulosic biorefineries

Abstract: Biologists and engineers are making tremendous efforts in contributing to a sustainable and green society. To this end, there is an increase in interest towards waste management cum valorisation. Lignocellulosic...

Cited by 67 publications

References 265 publications

Xylitol: Bioproduction and Applications-A Review

Xylitol: Bioproduction and Applications-A Review

Cell Immobilization Using Alginate-Based Beads as a Protective Technique against Stressful Conditions of Hydrolysates for 2G Ethanol Production

A Markov constraint to uniquely identify elementary flux mode weights in unimolecular metabolic networks

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