Valloisella lievinensis Racheboeuf, 1992 (Chelicerata; Xiphosura) from the Westphalian B of England

Anderson, Lyall I.; Horrocks, Carl A.

doi:10.1127/njgpm/1995/1995/647

Cited by 10 publications

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“…Given the current tree topology, a marine habitat for ‘ Paleolimulus ’ longispinus would suggest that an austrolimulid returned to the marine realm from a brackish/freshwater environment. Aside from these two clades, xiphosurids are shown to have invaded the freshwater realm twice in the Palaeozoic (Schimper ; Anderson and Horrocks ) and once in the Mesozoic (Riek and Gill ). These, however, appear to be isolated events and do not result in any subsequent radiations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The apparent conservation of body form exhibited by xiphosurids has led to their classification as ‘living fossils’ (Eldredge ), bradytelic archetypes (Fisher ) and stabilomorphs (Kin and Błażejowski ). Despite this, fossil xiphosurids are known to exhibit extremely aberrant morphologies (Riek ; Anderson ) and to have established populations in freshwater ecosystems (Anderson and Horrocks ; Racheboeuf et al . ; Riek and Gill ).…”

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Horseshoe crab phylogeny and independent colonizations of fresh water: ecological invasion as a driver for morphological innovation

Lamsdell

2015

Palaeontology

159

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Xiphosurids are an archaic group of aquatic chelicerate arthropods, generally known by the colloquial misnomer of 'horseshoe crabs'. Known from marine environments as far back as the early Ordovician, horseshoe crabs are generally considered 'living fossils'descendants of a bradytelic lineage exhibiting little morphological or ecological variation throughout geological time. However, xiphosurids are known from freshwater sediments in the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic; furthermore, the contention that xiphosurids show little morphological variation has never been tested empirically. Attempts to test this are hampered by the lack of a modern phylogenetic framework with which to explore different evolutionary scenarios. Here, I present a phylogenetic analysis of Xiphosurida and explore patterns of morphospace and environmental occupation of the group throughout the Phanerozoic. Xiphosurids are shown to have invaded non-marine environments independently at least five times throughout their evolutionary history, twice resulting in the radiation of major cladesbellinurines and austrolimulidsthat occupied novel regions of morphospace. These clades show a convergent ecological pattern of differentiation, speciation and subsequent extinction. Horseshoe crabs are shown to have a more dynamic and complex evolutionary history than previously supposed, with the extant species representing only a fraction of the group's past ecological and morphological diversity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Horseshoe crab phylogeny and independent colonizations of fresh water: ecological invasion as a driver for morphological innovation

Lamsdell

2015

Palaeontology

159

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“…Subsequent workers (e.g., Fisher 1982;Pickett 1993) followed earlier interpretations in considering only the posterior three opisthosomal tergites of Bellinuriis to be fused, but did not study the type material. Pickett (1993) interpreted the unnamed bellinurines of Eldredge ( 1974) as being Belliniiriis carterae Eller, 1940, Bellinuriis alleganyensis Eller, 1938, and Bellinwoopsis rossicus Chernyshev, 1933, and placed them in Kasibelinuridae Pickett, 1993. Anderson ( 1995 first suggested the possibility of full opisthosomal fusion in Bellinurus.…”

Section: Opisthosomal Fusion In Bellinurusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Valloisella Racheboeuf, 1992 (Fig. 2P), originally assigned to Euproopidae but moved to Paleolimulidae by Anderson & Horrocks (1995) because it shows the diagnostic characters of the family, has a carinate axial ridge on the opisthosoma, a character shared with all post-Palaeozoic xiphosurans.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Opisthosomal fusion and phylogeny of Palaeozoic Xiphosura

Anderson

Selden

1997

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Fusion of opisthosomal tergites to form a thoracetron has previously been considered a characteristic of the xiphosuran superfamilies Euproopoidea Eller, 1938, and Limuloidea Zittel, 1885. Evidence is presented here that fusion also occurs in Bellinuroidea Zittel & Eastman, 1913. Results of a cladistic analysis of Palaeozoic xiphosuran genera indicate that Synziphosurina Packard, 1886, is a paraphyletic assemblage of stem‐group Xiphosura. Superfamily Paleolimulidae superfam. nov. is erected for families Paleolimulidae Raymond, 1944, and Moravuridae P&íbyl, 1967.

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Exceptionally preserved fossils from Bickershaw, Lancashire UK (Upper Carboniferous, Westphalian A (Langsettian))

et al. 1997

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Fossils from a new Upper Carboniferous LagerstaÈ tte of Late Westphalian A (Langsettian) age at Bickershaw, Lancashire, UK, are reported and an account of the locality is presented. In common with many Upper Carboniferous LagerstaÈ tten, the fossils are preserved within siderite nodules hosted by coal seam roof shales. The fossils include a diverse assemblage of plants, nonmarine bivalves, crustaceans, insects, arthropleurid fragments, a euthycarcinoid, xiphosurans, a whip scorpion, scorpion cuticle fragments, ®sh scales and coprolites. The arthropods, with a greater diversity and abundance of aquatic taxa, and the non-marine bivalves suggest a brackish,¯uvio-deltaic setting probably above the Haigh Yard Coal. However, tabulation of the relative abundances of fossils is of limited palaeoecological value, since the data represent a combination of the original community structure, each groups' preservation potential and mixing of material from dierent stratigraphic horizons on the tip.

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Valloisella lievinensis Racheboeuf, 1992 (Chelicerata; Xiphosura) from the Westphalian B of England

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Horseshoe crab phylogeny and independent colonizations of fresh water: ecological invasion as a driver for morphological innovation

Horseshoe crab phylogeny and independent colonizations of fresh water: ecological invasion as a driver for morphological innovation

Opisthosomal fusion and phylogeny of Palaeozoic Xiphosura

Exceptionally preserved fossils from Bickershaw, Lancashire UK (Upper Carboniferous, Westphalian A (Langsettian))

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