Validity evidence of adapted hausa version of 8-item Morisky medication adherence scale in patients with hypertension in North-Western Nigeria

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease has been leading cause of early disability and worldwide, and hypertension is the most important preventable risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease Oliveira-Filho et al., 2014; Irazola Adherence to blood pressure lowering agents has been shown to be the cornerstone for achieving hypertension control, h developing countries, the effective treatment of blood pressure among people taking antihypertensive medication, wa average, particularly due to ABSTRACT Adherence to antihypertensive medication is the cornerstone for achieving hypertension control. Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS reported medication adherence measures. The aim of this study was to examine the evidence of the validity of adapted Hausa MMAS hypertensive patients in North individuals with hypertension, self treatment was measured using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale consistency of the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale factorial validity was assessed by identifying the underlying components using principal component analyses (PCA). A total of 130 individuals completed the study. Cronbach's alpha was 0.79. Two components were identified. One component comprised medication when hypertension is under control, stopping when feeling hassled abou to the prescription. The second component comprised two other items that were all related to forgetfulness. A significant relationship between MMAS and control (t = 2.2; p = .030), (χ specificity, with positive and negative predictive values were respectively. The results suggest that the adapted Hausa Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 is a two-dimensional scale assessing intentional (first co (second component) non-adherence to the antihypertensive drug treatment. The findings of this validation study indicate that the Hausa version of the MMAS is a reliable and valid measure of medication adherence among hypertensive

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“…MMAS 8 is one of the most widely used self-reported tools for assessing medication adherence among hypertensive patients. 35 – 38 This is because it is simple, cost-effective, and easy to administer in clinical practice. 38 Even if it is the widely used self-reported adherence measurement scale, research on its validation and use in the local context is required.…”

“… 39 Due to this requirement, MMAS 8 has been validated in various countries throughout the world. 35 , 37 , 40 – 43 …”

“…39 Due to this requirement, MMAS 8 has been validated in various countries throughout the world. 35,37,[40][41][42][43] Even though, different authors designed and used different types of questionnaires to measure medication adherence in hypertensive patients, there is no internationally accepted gold standard questionnaires. 39,44,45 This lack of universally accepted and validated medication adherence measurement can call for the need of conducting research.…”

“…According to a study in Nedjo, 23 the odds of adherence were 10 times (AOR = 10.0, 95% CI: 1.18-100.0) more likely among older patients (age >55 years) than the young patients (age 18-34 years). The study in Addis Ababa 32 also reported that older (>60 years) and middle-aged (40-59 years) hypertensive patients were found more likely (AOR = 4.09, 95% CI: 1.47-11.39) and (AOR = 3.15, 95% CI: 1.34-7.37) to be adherent than young adults (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39), respectively. The study in Adama town 29 showed that middle-aged (46-55 years) patients were 70% less likely (AOR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.142-0.640) to be adherent to their medication in comparison with older age (age >55 years) patients.…”

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“…4) Sometimes, when you feel worse do you stop taking your medications? This instrument has been good validity and an internal consistency greater than 0.70 [19,20,21].…”