Validation of Type A Behaviour Questionnaire in Relation to Social Class and Coronary Artery Disease: The Indian Rating Scale for Type A Behaviour

Abstract

men and 902 women) aged 25-64 years. The survey instruments were questionnaire: modified from existing questionnaires (Likeret scale, Jenkins activity survey and Friedman and Rosenman structured interview questionnaires). The questionnaire for assessment of type A behaviour was administered by a psychologist and subjects were divided into type A behaviour (n = 306), possible type A behaviour (n = 157) or no such behaviour (n = 1343) according to rating of their type A behaviour based on scores of various attributes such as hostility, aggressiveness, ambitiousness, competitiveness and pace or time urgency. The prevalence of type A behaviour was significantly greater among men compared to women (21.9 vs 11.9%, p < 0.01). The overall prevalence of type A and possible type A behavior was also significantly higher in men than women (32.4 vs 18.8%, p < 0.01) and the overall prevalence of total behaviour abnormality was 25.6% in both sexes. Type A behaviour was highly prevalent among social class 1 and 2 subjects in both sexes and showed significant association with CAD. The findings indicate that type A behaviour assessed by scores constructed based on various attributes of behaviour is accurate and the personality rating scale validated by us may be used successfully in other population groups of India. The novelity is that these parameters in conjunction with other cultural factors can be used for rating of behavior in other populations of Asia and Europe because of cultural differences in Europe, Asia and North America.

Development and validation of a questionnaire for assessment of happiness with reference to behavioral determinants of health. The Indian happiness rating scale III

“…Validated Questionnaires were revalidated before use for assessment of behavioral factors, tobacco and alcohol intake, diet and lifestyle factors and depression and mood disorders. [13][14][15][16][17][18]…”

“…The criteria of diagnosis of behavioral risk factors were based on previous studies. [13][14][15][16][17][18] It is difficult to assess tobacco intake, because it is consumed in various forms. Cigarettes, pipes, raw tobacco and chewing tobacco are all commonly consumed and some people use tobacco in more than one form.…”

“…15 Validated questionnaires were used to assess type A behavior, depression and mood disorders, chronic anxiety disorders, mastication, optimism, by the psychologist. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Food measures, food models, and food portions were shown to subjects for the assessment of daily food intake. Eating of >300g/day of western type of foods: cakes, biscuits, bread, pastries, syrups and other junk foods was accepted as western type food consumption.…”

Diet and Lifestyle Guidelines and Desirable Levels of Risk Factors and Protective Factors for Prevention of Dementia: A Scientific State-Ment From Joint Symposium of Jaas and Apcns

“…Apart from abnormalities in psychological behavior, restricted feeding, either evening or morning, pollution, visualization of green land, have also been reported to influence various behavior patterns as recommended by Buddha's Eight Fold Path [83,[123][124][125]. There is a common belief that a change in environment, from residing in a busy city to hills or sea shore or walking in green parks, can cause mental relaxation.…”