Diet and Lifestyle Guidelines and Desirable Levels of Risk Factors and Protective Factors for Prevention of Dementia: A Scientific State-Ment From Joint Symposium of Jaas and Apcns

Singh, Ram B.; Watanabe, Shaw; Li, Duo; Nakamura, Teiji; Juneja, Lekh Raj; Takahashi, Toru; Maheshwari, Anuj; Verma, Narsingh; Wichansawakun, Sanit; Cornelissen, Gerard; Wilczynska, Agnieszka; Jantan, Ibrahim; Sulaeman, Ahmad; Hardinsyah, Hardinsyah; Wm, Wan Abdul Manan; Mojto, Viliam; Kartikey, Kumar

doi:10.26717/bjstr.2019.17.003006

BJSTR

2019

DOI: 10.26717/bjstr.2019.17.003006

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Diet and Lifestyle Guidelines and Desirable Levels of Risk Factors and Protective Factors for Prevention of Dementia: A Scientific State-Ment From Joint Symposium of Jaas and Apcns

Ram B. Singh¹,

Shaw Watanabe

Duo Li

et al.

Abstract: World Health Organization {WHO) estimate that the number of people living with dementia worldwide, may be approximately 50 million which is projected to increase to 75 million by 2030. Epidemiological studies indicate a consistent relationship between the development of cognitive impairment and dementia with lifestyle-related risk factors, such as physical inactivity, unhealthy diets, short sleep, night shift work, tobacco use, and harmful use of alcohol. Apart from behavioural risk factors, cardiometabolic di… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

References 112 publications

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Development and validation of a questionnaire for assessment of memory impairment and dementia, by a new modified memory function rating scale

Singh¹,

Wilkzynska²,

Mojto³

et al. 2022

MOJPH

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Background: Since, behavioural factors can also predispose dementia, there is an unmet need to develop methods for its early diagnosis, which appears to be crucial for its prevention. This study aims to find out the prevalence of dementia, emphasizing on early symptoms, to validate a new modified questionnaire. Study Design and Setting. Cross-sectional survey in a hospital. Subjects and methods: All subjects (n=2002) above 25 years of age (1016 males and 986 females) were randomly selected and recruited from urban population of Moradabad, North India. Validated questionnaires were used for the assessment of cognitive decline and dementia by a new modified memory function rating scale. Subjects were classified in to normal, mild, moderate and severe dementia by assessment of memory function. Results: The overall prevalence of dementia (6.84%,n=137) was significantly more among men compared to women (8.26%) vs 5.37%, n=84 vs 53, P<0.02). However, the prevalence of dementia (22.37%,n=100) was much greater among subjects above 55 years of age in both sexes and trend was significant. The risk of memory dysfunction or dementia overall showed a graded increase with age from 25 to 84 years, and with decrease in social classes, in both sexes and the trends were significant (P<0.02). The frequency of tobacco intake, alcoholism and western type food intake, were significantly more common among patients with dementia compared to those without dementia. Therefore, the cause of lower prevalence of dementia in women, may be due to lower intake of alcohol and tobacco among Indian women. Conclusions: This modified questionnaire can be successfully used for assessment of memory function in various social classes of north India, because this instrument allowed us to identify overall 6.84% (n=137) patients with dementia.

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Development and validation of a questionnaire for assessment of memory impairment and dementia, by a new modified memory function rating scale

Singh¹,

Wilkzynska²,

Mojto³

et al. 2022

MOJPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Prevalence of behavioral risk factors and their association with dementia in the urban population of North India

Singh¹,

Wilczynska²,

Fedačko³

et al. 2023

MOJPH

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Background: Dementia has become a public health problems due to its association with behavioural risk factors; smoking, alcoholism, sedentary behaviour, western type diet, obesity, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. Most of these behavioural risk factors appear to be associated with dementia as well as with risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes. This study aims to find out the prevalence of behavioural risk factors and their association with cognitive deficit and dementia. Study design and setting: Cross-sectional survey in a hospital. Subjects and methods: After written informed consent and approval from hospital ethic committee, all subjects (n=2002) above 25 years of age (1016 males and 986 females) were randomly selected and recruited from urban population of Moradabad, North India. Clinical data and risk factors were recorded with the help of case record form and validated questionnaires. Assessment of cognitive decline and dementia was made by a new memory function rating scale and behavioural risk factors by validated questionnaires. The association of behavioral risk factors with dementia was calculated by multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjustment of age and sex, obesity, diabetes and CVDs. Results: Low cognitive activity, low education, sedentary behavior, sleep duration, tobacco intake, alcoholism and western diet, were highly prevalent independent risk factors of dementia. Low education was not associated with risk. Logistic regression analysis revealed that regardless of age and body mass index, sedentary behavior, odds ratio and confidence intervals: (men 0.74 (0.69 - 0.79), women, 0.71 (0.63 - 0.74) and tobacco intake (men 0.88 (0.79 - 0.94), women 0.90 (0.84 - 0.97) and sleep disruption (men 0.80 (0.71 - 0.89), women 0.85 (0.79 - 0.91) were strongly (p<001) and significantly (p<0.001) associated with dementia in both sexes, respectively. Alcoholism (men 0.71 (0.65 - 0.78) was also strongly and significantly (P<001) associated with dementia in men but not in women. Low cognitive activity, (men 0.83 (0.75 - 0.92), (women 0.89 (0.84 - 0.99), and western diet (men 0.88(0.80-0.95), (women 0.89 (0.81 - 0.99) were weakly but significantly (p=0.05) associated with dementia in both sexes. Meditation and prayer was inversely associated with dementia among (men 0.92 (0.85 - 0.99) and (women 0.90 (0.85 - 0.97). Conclusions: It is possible that increased physical activity, no tobacco and alcoholism, optimal sleep, intake of healthy foods, meditation and prayer, high cognitive activity, and good sleep for 6-8 hours, can protect against dementia.

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Association of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases with risk of dementia in the urban population of North India

Singh¹,

Wilczynska²,

Fedačko³

et al. 2023

Scripta Medica

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Background/Aim: Dementia has become a public health problem due to its association with biological risk factors; obesity, diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia. Most of these risk factors, appear to be associated with dementia as well as with risk of coronary artery diseases (CADs) and stroke. This study aimed to find out the association of biological risk factors with cognitive impairment and dementia. Methods: Cross-sectional survey in a hospital was performed. After written informed consent and approval from hospital ethic committee, all subjects (n = 2002) above 25 years of age (1016 males and 986 females) were randomly selected and recruited from urban population of Moradabad, North India. Clinical data and risk factors were recorded with the help of case record form and validated questionnaires. Assessment of cognitive decline and dementia was made by Singh's memory function rating scale and biological risk factors by physical examination, sphygmomanometer and electrocardiography. The association of biological risk factors with dementia was calculated by multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjustment of age and sex. Results: Obesity, diabetes, hypertension, CAD and hypercholesterolemia were highly prevalent independent risk factors among patients with dementia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that regardless of age and body mass index, diabetes mellitus and CAD were highly significant (p < 0.001) risk factors of dementia. Hypertension and family history of dementia were weakly but significantly(p < 0.05) associated with dementia. Conclusion: It is possible that increased frequency of obesity, diabetes, hypertension and CAD may increase the risk of dementia in an ageing population. Prevention and control of these biological risk factors may cause decline in the risk of dementia.

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Diet and Lifestyle Guidelines and Desirable Levels of Risk Factors and Protective Factors for Prevention of Dementia: A Scientific State-Ment From Joint Symposium of Jaas and Apcns

Cited by 3 publications

References 112 publications

Development and validation of a questionnaire for assessment of memory impairment and dementia, by a new modified memory function rating scale

Development and validation of a questionnaire for assessment of memory impairment and dementia, by a new modified memory function rating scale

Prevalence of behavioral risk factors and their association with dementia in the urban population of North India

Association of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases with risk of dementia in the urban population of North India

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