Validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 Among a Bariatric Surgery Population

Clark, Shannon; Martens, Kellie; Smith-Mason, Christine E; Hamann, Aaron; Miller-Matero, Lisa R

doi:10.1007/s11695-019-03927-z

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…To compare the results obtained with the full and shortened version of the scale, first, in terms of FA "diagnosis" prevalence and prevalence for each of the 11 FA criteria, we used McNemar's tests; second, for the number of FA symptoms endorsed, we used a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Consumed more than planned 7.6% (19) 20.8% (52) .001 Unable to cut down (=persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control consumption of certain foods) 7.6% (19) 10.8% (27) .008…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies also demonstrated the close association between FA, as assessed by the YFAS 2.0, and psychiatric or psychological factors usually associated with SRAD [see Burrows et al (23) and Penzenstadler et al (24) for recent reviews]: impulsivity (25), especially attentional and motor impulsivity (26), higher levels of psychopathology (27)(28)(29), poorer emotion regulation skills (30), emotional eating (31), and psychiatric disorders such as mood and anxiety disorders (30,32), eating disorders (33)(34)(35), eating disorder severity (30), and higher suicidality (32) and non-suicidal self-injury (33).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0: Validation Among Non-Clinical and Clinical French-Speaking Samples and Comparison With the Full Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0

et al. 2020

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Objectives: The modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (mYFAS 2.0) was designed to assess food addiction using a shorter version than the YFAS 2.0. We lack data about the psychometric properties of the mYFAS 2.0 in patients with obesity, as well as studies comparing the psychometric properties of the mYFAS 2.0 versus the full YFAS 2.0. This study aimed to validate the French-language mYFAS 2.0 in a non-clinical population (study 1, n = 250), to determine the yet unknown psychometric properties of this scale in patients with obesity (study 2, n = 345), and to compare the full YFAS 2.0 and the mYFAS 2.0 in terms of food addiction (FA) prevalence and symptoms detection in both populations. Method: Study 1 included 250 non-clinical individuals (non-underweight and non-obese persons screened negative for eating disorders). Study 2 included 345 bariatric surgery candidates recruited in three centers (Quebec, Canada; Reims and Tours, France). The mYFAS 2.0 structure was investigated using confirmatory factorial analyses with tetrachoric correlations. Convergent validity was tested using the full YFAS 2.0, the Binge Eating Scale (both studies), the revised 18-item Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (study 1), the Beck Depression Inventory (study 2), and the body mass index (BMI; both studies).

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Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0: Validation Among Non-Clinical and Clinical French-Speaking Samples and Comparison With the Full Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0

et al. 2020

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“…This risk could be especially increased if the presence of an FA profile has not been diagnosed and treated beforehand. The YFAS 2.0 questionnaire is a useful tool to predict continued emotional and binge eating behavior following obesity surgery [143] and might be used to identify subpopulations of patients with higher risk for unsuccessful obesity surgery. However, as a questionnaire, this method remains limited by the usual constraints and uncertainties of declarative diagnostic methods, which necessitates the development of additional diagnostic tools and markers, derived from brain imaging or biological measurements at the gut-microbiota-brain level, for example.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Meeting of Minds around Food Addiction: Insights from Addiction Medicine, Nutrition, Psychology, and Neurosciences

et al. 2020

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This review, focused on food addiction (FA), considers opinions from specialists with different expertise in addiction medicine, nutrition, health psychology, and behavioral neurosciences. The concept of FA is a recurring issue in the clinical description of abnormal eating. Even though some tools have been developed to diagnose FA, such as the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) questionnaire, the FA concept is not recognized as an eating disorder (ED) so far and is even not mentioned in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders version 5 (DSM-5) or the International Classification of Disease (ICD-11). Its triggering mechanisms and relationships with other substance use disorders (SUD) need to be further explored. Food addiction (FA) is frequent in the overweight or obese population, but it remains unclear whether it could articulate with obesity-related comorbidities. As there is currently no validated therapy against FA in obese patients, FA is often underdiagnosed and untreated, so that FA may partly explain failure of obesity treatment, addiction transfer, and weight regain after obesity surgery. Future studies should assess whether a dedicated management of FA is associated with better outcomes, especially after obesity surgery. For prevention and treatment purposes, it is necessary to promote a comprehensive psychological approach to FA. Understanding the developmental process of FA and identifying precociously some high-risk profiles can be achieved via the exploration of the environmental, emotional, and cognitive components of eating, as well as their relationships with emotion management, some personality traits, and internalized weight stigma. Under the light of behavioral neurosciences and neuroimaging, FA reveals a specific brain phenotype that is characterized by anomalies in the reward and inhibitory control processes. These anomalies are likely to disrupt the emotional, cognitive, and attentional spheres, but further research is needed to disentangle their complex relationship and overlap with obesity and other forms of SUD. Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment must rely on a multidisciplinary coherence to adapt existing strategies to FA management and to provide social and emotional support to these patients suffering from highly stigmatized medical conditions, namely overweight and addiction. Multi-level interventions could combine motivational interviews, cognitive behavioral therapies, and self-help groups, while benefiting from modern exploratory and interventional tools to target specific neurocognitive processes.

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“…Scores can range from no FA (1 or fewer symptoms and no clinical significance) to mild (2 or 3 symptoms with clinical significance), moderate (4 or 5 symptoms with clinical significance), or severe FA (6 or more symptoms with clinical significance). The YFAS 2.0 has shown good psychometric properties in bariatric surgery patients [ 34 ]. In the present study, we used the validated Persian version [ 35 ], and Cronbach's alpha for the YFAS 2.0 was 0.95.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food addiction and binge eating disorder are linked to shared and unique deficits in emotion regulation among female seeking bariatric surgery

et al. 2023

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Background Problematic eating behaviors can indicate obesity-related problems. Food addiction (FA) is not classified as an official diagnosis. However, given the many commonalities between FA and binge-eating disorder (BED) within the context of obesity, it is imperative to conduct a comparative investigation. The current study aimed to identify overlapping and distinctive features in emotion dysregulation as an underlying mechanism and emotional eating as a clinical feature among four groups of females with obesity seeking bariatric surgery. Methods Data on emotion dysregulation and emotional eating were derived from the total 128 Females with obesity seeking bariatric surgery (Mage = 38.91 ± 10.59, MBMI = 42.10 kg/m2 ± 4.43) divided into four groups: those with FA (n = 35), BED (n = 35), BED + FA (n = 31) and a control group of individuals with obesity only (OB; n = 27), using well-established measures. Results Regarding descriptive statistics, the BED + FA group showed the highest levels of emotional dysregulation (M = 111.09) and emotional eating (M = 46.80), while the OB group acquired the lowest scores (M = 70.44 and M = 27.29, respectively). Univariate analyses of variance revealed significant differences between the four groups in terms of emotion dysregulation F(3, 124) = 24.63, p < .01 and emotional eating F(3, 124) = 26.26, p < .01. All of the emotion dysregulation domains revealed significant differences too. Pairwise comparisons using Bonferroni post hoc tests did not reveal any significant differences between BED + FA and BED groups, while all of our other hypotheses regarding this matter were confirmed. Conclusions The study found that individuals with obesity and comorbid BED exhibit greater emotional dysregulation compared to those with OB or FA, indicating a need to assess BED in individuals with obesity. Emotion dysregulation may be linked to increased BED and FA, but those with BED seem more affected by limited access to emotion regulation strategies. These findings support the notion that PEBs are associated with emotion dysregulation and underscore the need for tailored interventions that target emotion regulation skills before and after bariatric surgery.

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Validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 Among a Bariatric Surgery Population

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

The Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0: Validation Among Non-Clinical and Clinical French-Speaking Samples and Comparison With the Full Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0

The Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0: Validation Among Non-Clinical and Clinical French-Speaking Samples and Comparison With the Full Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0

Meeting of Minds around Food Addiction: Insights from Addiction Medicine, Nutrition, Psychology, and Neurosciences

Food addiction and binge eating disorder are linked to shared and unique deficits in emotion regulation among female seeking bariatric surgery

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