Validation of the net energy content of canola meal and full-fat canola seeds in growing pigs

Abstract

Montoya, C. A. and Leterme, P. 2010. Validation of the net energy content of canola meal and full-fat canola seeds in growing pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 90: 213Á219. A study was conducted to estimate the net energy (NE) content of canola meal (CM) and full-fat canola seeds (FFCS) in growing pigs, and to validate the results through a growth trial. The digestible energy (DE) content of the canola products was measured in a digestibility study by the difference method, with diets containing two-thirds of a basal diet of known digestibility and one-third of the canola products. The NE content was estimated by means of a prediction equation based on the DE content and chemical composition of the canola products. The NE was 2.43 and 3.56 Mcal kg(1 DM for CM and FFCS, respectively. For the growth study, 31-kg pigs (18 per treatment) were fed for 35 d with wheat/barley-based diets containing either 0, 5, 10 or 15% FFCS or 0, 7.5, 15 or 22.5% CM. The gain-to-feed ratio was unchanged by the levels of CM or FFCS (P!0.05), but the highest level of FFCS decreased feed intake (PB0.001) and thus increased the gain-to-feed ratio (P B0.05). In conclusion, the NE content was correctly estimated for CM, but slightly underestimated for FFCS. Also, growing pigs can tolerate diets containing up to 22.5% CM or 10% FFCS.Key words: Net energy, growing pigs, canola meal, full-fat canola seeds Montoya, C. A. et Leterme, P. 2010. Validation du contenu e´nerge´tique net du tourteau de canola et des graines de canola entie`res pour les porcs d'e´levage. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 90: 213Á219. Les auteurs ont effectue´une e´tude afin d'estimer la teneur en e´nergie nette (EN) du tourteau de canola (TC) et des graines de canola entie`res (GCE) pour les porcs d'e´levage, puis en ont valide´les re´sultats lors d'un essai de croissance. L'e´nergie digestible (ED) des de´rive´s du canola a e´te´e´tablie graˆce a`une e´tude sur la digestibilite´reposant sur la comparaison de rations compose´es aux deux tiers d'une ration de base dont la digestibilite´e´tait connue et au tiers de de´rive´s du canola. La teneur en EN a e´te´estime´e graˆce a`une e´quation de pre´vision fonde´e sur la teneur en ED et sur la composition chimique des de´rive´s du canola. Elle s'e´tablissait respectivement a`2,43 et a`3,56 Mcal par kg de matie`re se`che pour le TC et les GCE. Durant l'essai de croissance, des porcs de 31 kg (18 par traitement) ont rec¸u pendant 35 jours une ration a`base de ble´contenant 0, 5, 10 ou 15 % de GCE, ou 0, 7,5, 15 ou 22,5 % de TC. Le ratio entre le gain de poids et l'ingestion d'aliments ne varie pas avec la concentration de TC ou de GCE (P ! 0,05), mais a`la concentration la plus e´leve´e, les GCE re´duisent l'ingestion d'aliments (P B 0,001), ce qui accroıˆt le rapport gain:aliments (P B 0,05). En conclusion, on a correctement estime´la teneur en EN du TC et le´ge`rement sousestime´celle des GCE. Les porcs en croissance tole`rent une ration contenant jusqu'a`22,5 % de TC ou 10 % de GCE.Mots clé s: É nergie nette, porcs d'e´levage, tourteau de canola...

Nutritional value of full-fat green canola seed fed to growing–finishing pigs1

“…Canola seed has a relatively high content of fiber, which can limit its use as feedstuff in swine diets. The NDF (22.0%) in FFGC was within the range of values reported previously for regular full-fat canola seed (14.7% [Montoya and Leterme, 2010]; 17.9% [Assadi et al, 2011]; 22.8%; [González-Vega and Stein, 2012]), but the value was lower than the 37.4% reported for off-grade, heated full-fat canola seed (Seneviratne et al, 2011). The greater NDF content in regular full-fat canola seed fed in the study of Seneviratne et al (2011) may have been due to Maillard reaction in canola.…”

“…The FFGC may, therefore, have greater AA digestibility than regular full-fat canola seed, although particle size differences between studies, which were not characterized, might also have played a role (NRC, 2012). The ATTD of energy was similar for FFGC used in the present study and regular full-fat canola seed (Montoya and Leterme, 2010) fed to growing pigs (74.7 vs. 75%, respectively). The GE (6.58 vs. 6.68 Mcal/kg) and macronutrient content were also similar (43.1 vs. 43.9% ether extract and 24.9 vs. 23.5% CP) in FFGC and regular full-fat canola seed, respectively, in the 2 studies; however, the NDF content was greater for FFGC than regular full-fat canola seed (22.0 vs. 14.7%).…”

“…In the present study, the carcass dressing percent of pigs reduced with increasing dietary FFGC inclusion, implying that gut fill or the sizes of visceral organs in the pigs was indeed increased with increasing dietary FFGC inclusion. Montoya and Leterme (2010) have also reported a decrease in growth performance of pigs because of increasing dietary inclusion of regular full-fat canola seed.…”

Methodologies on estimating the energy requirements for maintenance and determining the net energy contents of feed ingredients in swine: a review of recent work

“…As mentioned above, the NE value of feedstuffs can be directly determined by either comparative slaughter or indirect calorimetry technique, or can be predicted from equations. However, only a few studies have been conducted to validate these estimated NE values [ 46 ]. The recent published literatures on NE value validation have been summarized in Table 7 .…”

“…The underlying theories and experimental procedures of such experiments are the same as those using caloric efficiency. The NE value of flaxseed meal and canola meal have been validated through this method [ 46 , 51 ].…”