Validation of the Friedewald Formula in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

Knopfholz, José; Disserol, Caio César Diniz; Pierin, Andressa Jardim; Schirr, Fernanda Letícia; Streisky, Larissa; Takito, Lilian Lumi; Ledesma, Patrícia Massucheto; Faria-Neto, José Rocha; Olandoski, Márcia; Cunha, Cristiane Martins; Bandeira, Antonio Milton

doi:10.1155/2014/261878

Cited by 149 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The values were expressed in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) serum level estimated value was calculated through the triglyceride concentrations (Knopfholz et al 2014). …”

Section: Biochemical Profile Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Bauhinia holophylla treatment in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Pinheiro

Rodrigues

Neto

et al. 2017

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Bauhinia holophylla, commonly known as "cow's hoof", is widely used in Brazilian folk medicine for the diabetes treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was at evaluating the aqueous extract effect of Bauhinia holophylla leaves treatment on the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by Streptozotocin (40 mg/Kg) in female Wistar rats. Oral administration of aqueous extract of Bauhinia holophylla leaves was given to non-diabetic and diabetic rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg during 21 days. On day 17 of treatment, the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test was performed to determine the area under the curve. At the end of the treatment, the animals were anesthetized and blood was collected for serum biochemical parameters analysis. After treatment with Bauhinia holophylla extract, non-diabetic and diabetic rats presented no glycemic changes. On the other hand, the plant treatment decreased body weight and increased ALT and AST activities. In conclusion, the treatment with aqueous extract of B. holophylla leaves given to diabetic rats presented no hypoglycemic effect in nondiabetic animals and no antidiabetic effect in diabetic animals with the doses studied. In addition, the diabetic animals treated with the B. holophylla extract showed inconvenient effects and its indiscriminate consumption requires particular carefulness.

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Section: Biochemical Profile Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Bauhinia holophylla treatment in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Pinheiro

Rodrigues

Neto

et al. 2017

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…Similarly, Knopfholz et al (2014) found that Friedewald formula is a good method for estimating LDL-C in patients with metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, Sahu et al (2005) reported that the use of Friedewald formula is a cost saving and reliable estimate of LDL-C when HDL-C and TC were determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Use of friedewald equation for dyslipidemia in metabolic syndrome

Kaur¹

2014

IJM

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Objective: The Friedewald equation is frequently used to estimate low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in routine patient care; however, recently many limitations have emerged regarding its use. Aim: Analyse the use of Friedewald equation for dyslipidemia in metabolic syndrome. Methods: Subjects were selected with metabolic syndrome that fulfilled consensus statement for Asians Indians and excluded those with triglyceride (TG) ?400mg/dl, and chronic liver and/or kidney disease. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), TGs, and LDL-C were measured with direct assays. LDL-C was further estimated using the equation and compared with LDL-C by direct assay. Results: The mean and standard deviation of TC, TGs, HDL-C, and LDL-C were 194.7724.38mg/dl, 174.8460.27mg/dl (p<0.0001), 40.685.40mg/dl (p<0.05), and 122.3019.30mg/dl among subjects with metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, Friedewald estimated LDL-C and VLDL-C were 121.2918.84mg/dl and 35.0812.65mg/dl (p<0.0001). Furthermore, a statistically significant higher TGs/HDL-C (p<0.0001) and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios was observed in subjects with metabolic syndrome. However, no significant difference was recorded between the two methods of estimating LDL-C. Conclusion: TGs/HDL-C was found significantly higher among subjects with metabolic syndrome; however, no significant difference between both Friedewald equation and direct measurement method for LDL-C estimation was observed. Hence, the accuracy of LDL-C estimation formulas and direct methods for measurement in patients with the metabolic syndrome requires further exploration. Keywords: Dyslipidemia, Friedewald Equation, Metabolic Syndrome.

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“…This data indicate that sustained weight loss has a beneficial effect on liver damage. The prevalence of an ALT/AST ratio <1, an index of severe liver disease [14], was lower even at follow-up. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was calculated using the Friedewald formula [14]. Plasma glucose levels were determined by using an automated glucose oxidase method (Glucose analyzer 2, Beckman Instruments, Fullerton, Calif., USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect on Liver Enzymes of Biliopancreatic Diversion: 4 Years of Follow-Up

Aller

Pacheco²,

Izaola³

et al. 2015

Ann Nutr Metab

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Background: Elevated serum aminotransferase levels are commonly associated with obesity and with a progression to chronic liver disease. Bariatric surgery is the most effective strategy to achieve weight loss. Methods: We conducted the present study with the aim of evaluating the influence of biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) on liver enzymes levels during 4 years in morbid obese patients with normal aminotransferase (n = 65) and in morbid obese patients with high aminotransferase basal levels (n = 50). Results: A decrease in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities was significant after biliopancreatic diversion. The basal percentage of high aminotransferase levels and percentage of ratio ALT/AST <1 also decreased significantly at 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-years of follow-up in both groups. ALT (52 to 20%), AST (42 to 10%) and ALT/AST (80 to 22%) in patients with normal aminotransferase. ALT (82 to 20%), AST (70 to 6%) and ALT/AST (90 to 20%) in patients with elevated transaminase basal levels. Bariatric surgery was associated with a significant and sustained decrease in body weight in both groups. Serum trasnaminases level changes were positively correlated to body weight changes during follow-up. Conclusion: BPD is an effective method of achieving sustainable weight loss and reduced aminotransferase levels and enzyme ratios of liver damage.

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Validation of the Friedewald Formula in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

Cited by 149 publications

References 21 publications

Effect of Bauhinia holophylla treatment in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Effect of Bauhinia holophylla treatment in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Use of friedewald equation for dyslipidemia in metabolic syndrome

Effect on Liver Enzymes of Biliopancreatic Diversion: 4 Years of Follow-Up

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