Validation of the Danish 7-day pre-coded food diary among adults: energy intake <i>v.</i> energy expenditure and recording length

Biltoft-Jensen, Anja Pia; Matthiessen, Jeppe; Rasmussen, Lone Banke; Fagt, Sisse; Groth, Margit Velsing; Hels, Ole

doi:10.1017/s0007114509991292

Cited by 70 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A precoded food record (PFR) method was developed to assess the diet of infants and young children between 6 months and 4 years of age (Trolle et al, 2002). We chose a 7-day record rather than a 4-day, because 7 day is more representative of habitual diet, percentage consumers of different foods decrease with fewer days of recording (Biltoft-Jensen et al, 2009), and we wanted to be able to compare the results with The Danish National Survey of Dietary Habits using a similar method (Pedersen et al, 2010). In contrast to the traditional estimated food record method, the PFR uses household measures and photographs for portion size estimation, and is useful for both infants and toddlers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a pre-coded food record for infants and young children

et al. 2011

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Background/Objectives: To assess the validity of a 7-day pre-coded food record (PFR) method in 9-month-old infants against metabolizable energy intake (ME DLW ) measured by doubly labeled water (DLW); additionally to compare PFR with a 7-day weighed food record (WFR) in 9-month-old infants and 36-month-old children. Subjects/Methods: The study population consisted of 36 infants (age: 9.03±0.2 months) and 36 young children (age: 36.1 ± 0.3 months) enrolled in a cross-over design of 7 consecutive days PFR vs 7 consecutive days WFR. Children were randomly assigned to one method during week 1, crossing over to the alternative method in week 2. Total energy expenditure (TEE) and ME DLW were obtained in the 9-month-old infants using the DLW technique for 7 days while recording with PFR. Results: For the 9-month-old group, PFR showed a mean bias of þ 726 kJ/day, equivalent to 24%, (Po0.0001) compared with ME DLW (n ¼ 29). Using WFR as the reference in this group no between-method differences were found for energy, fat and carbohydrate. Energy intake in the 36-month-old children was 12% higher in the PFR vs WFR (Po0.0001), and protein plus total fat intake were overestimated with the PFR (P ¼ 0.008, Po0.0001, respectively). Conclusions: The study indicates that the PFR may be a valuable tool for measuring energy, energy-yielding nutrients and foods in groups of 9-month-olds infants and 36-month-olds young children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a pre-coded food record for infants and young children

et al. 2011

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“…Mean intakes of foods, macro-and micronutrients recorded in the pre-coded FD were calculated by use of the software system GIES developed at the National Food Institute (Søborg, Denmark), including standard recipes, information on portions sizes and data from the Danish Food Composition Database (www.foodcomp.dk) as described previously (6) . Mean intakes of foods and nutrients recorded in the WFR were calculated by use of the same software system and food composition database as for the FD, but including intakes in grams and recipes as reported by the participants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The participants were asked to fill in the diary prospectively for 7 d, thus not relying on remembering food intake in the past. Ongoing recruitment took place, covering dietary intake for all seasons for the whole population.The pre-coded food diary has previously been validated against an objective measure (energy expenditure assessed by means of a validated position-and-motion instrument), which showed that the ability to rank individuals according to energy intake recorded by the food diary was acceptable (6) . However, the ability to assess intake of specific food groups was not examined.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Participants were instructed in person by trained dietitians on how to fill in the FD and WFR prior to each recording period. At the first personal instruction meeting body weight and height were determined for all participants by the project workers, and information on age, education and job description was obtained.Mean intakes of foods, macro-and micronutrients recorded in the pre-coded FD were calculated by use of the software system GIES developed at the National Food Institute (Søborg, Denmark), including standard recipes, information on portions sizes and data from the Danish Food Composition Database (www.foodcomp.dk) as described previously (6) . Mean intakes of foods and nutrients recorded in the WFR were calculated by use of the same software system and food composition database as for the FD, but including intakes in grams and recipes as reported by the participants.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Relative validity of the pre-coded food diary used in the Danish National Survey of Diet and Physical Activity

Knudsen¹,

Gille²,

Nielsen³

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To determine the relative validity of the pre-coded food diary applied in the Danish National Survey of Dietary Habits and Physical Activity. Design: A cross-over study among seventy-two adults (aged 20 to 69 years) recording diet by means of a pre-coded food diary over 4 d and a 4 d weighed food record. Intakes of foods and drinks were estimated, and nutrient intakes were calculated. Means and medians of intake were compared, and crossclassification of individuals according to intake was performed. To assess agreement between the two methods, Pearson and Spearman's correlation coefficients and weighted kappa coefficients were calculated. Setting: Validation study of the pre-coded food diary against a 4 d weighed food record. Subjects: Seventy-two volunteer, healthy free-living adults (thirty-five males, thirty-seven females). Results: Intakes of cereals and vegetables were higher, and intakes of fruit, coffee and tea were lower, in the weighed food record compared with the food diary. Intakes of nutrients were grossly the same in the two methods, except for protein, where a higher intake was recorded in the weighed record. In general, moderate agreement between the two methods was found. Conclusions: Participants were classified moderately correct according to food and nutrient intakes assessed in the pre-coded food diary; however values of absolute food intakes should be used and interpreted with caution. Improvement of the methods to estimate portion size may increase the accuracy of the dietary intake estimates. Keywords Food diary Weighed food recordRelative validity Cross-classificationThe Danish National Survey of Dietary Habits and Physical Activity is a nation-wide, representative, crosssectional survey collecting data on diet and physical activity with the aim of estimating intakes of foods and nutrients and monitoring trends and variations in habitual dietary patterns and physical activity in Denmark (1)(2)(3)(4) . Until now data have been collected for 8551 individuals (4041 males and 4510 females) aged 4-75 years, all randomly drawn from the centralised Civil Registration System to create representative samples of the Danish population. Data were collected from 2000-2002, 2003-2004 and 2005-2008 by means of a pre-coded food diary and a physical activity diary, for seven consecutive days. Furthermore, anthropometric and demographic variables, as well as lifestyle information and information on attitudes towards dietary habits, were collected through interviews prior to the food recording (5) . The pre-coded food diary applied in the Danish National Survey of Dietary Habits and Physical Activity to collect information on dietary intake contains pre-coded answers for the most commonly eaten foods and drinks in Denmark, and it is organised according to a typical Danish diet comprising breakfast, lunch, dinner and three snack meals. The participants were asked to fill in the diary prospectively for 7 d, thus not relying on remembering food intake in the past. Ongoing recruitment took...

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“…A avaliação da ingestão alimentar é de extrema importância na ciência da nutrição, estando, entre as suas diversas aplicações, a identificação de problemas nutricionais a partir do monitoramento da ingestão de alimentos e nutrientes, e a determinação de associações entre a ingestão alimentar e o processo saúde/doença 1 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified