Coeliac disease (CD) affects about 1 % of the general population. Information concerning
gluten intake in the general population is scarce. In particular, variation in gluten
intake during the complementary feeding period may be an independent risk factor in CD
pathogenesis. We determined the intake of gluten from wheat, barley, rye and oats in a
cross-sectional National Danish Survey of Dietary Habits among Infants and Young Children
(2006–2007). The study population comprised a random sample of 1743 children aged 6–36
months, recruited from the National Danish Civil Registry. The protein contents from
wheat, rye, barley and oats were found in the National Danish Food Composition Table, and
multiplied with the amounts in the recipes. The amounts of gluten were calculated as the
amount of cereal protein × 0·80 for wheat and oats, ×0·65 for rye and ×0·50 for barley.
Dietary intake was recorded daily for seven consecutive days in pre-coded food records
supplemented with open-answer possibilities. Gluten intake increased with age
(P < 0·0001). Oats were introduced first, rapidly outpaced by
wheat, the intake of which continued to increase with age, whereas oats started to
decrease at 12 months. Boys had a higher intake of energy (P ≤ 0·0001)
and all types of gluten, except for barley (P ≤ 0·87). In 8–10-month-old
(P < 0·0001) and 10–12-month-old (P = 0·007),
but not in 6–8-month-old infants (P = 0·331), non-breast-fed infants had
higher total gluten intake than partially breast-fed infants. In conclusion, this study
presents representative population-based data on gluten intake in Danish infants and young
children.