Validation of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-28 (CYRM-28) Among Canadian Youth

Abstract

Validation of sub-scales on the child and youth resilience measure-28 (CYRM-28)Liebenberg, L.; Ungar, M.; van de Vijver, F.J.R. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.-Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research -You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain -You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright, please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Objectives: This article presents the validation of the 28-item Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-28) among two Canadian samples of youth with complex needs. Method: The CYRM-28 was administered to two groups of concurrent service using youth in Atlantic Canada (n 1 ¼ 497; n 2 ¼ 410) allowing for use of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: Reproducibility agreement is achieved and subscales of the measure are confirmed and show adequate psychometric properties. Conclusions: Findings add support to the CYRM-28 as a reliable and valid self-report instrument that measures three components of resilience processes in the lives of complex needs youth. Advanced statistical modeling yielded evidence that the scale, originally developed for use in various countries, can be used to assess resilience in youth from various ethnocultural backgrounds in Atlantic Canada.

The Development of a Survey Instrument to Assess Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Students’ Resilience and Risk for Self-Harm

“…The reliability of the T4S is assured by use of the internationally validated CYRM (Liebenberg et al, 2012(Liebenberg et al, , 2013Daigneault et al, 2013) and Kessler scales (Kessler et al, 2002;Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2013), as well as reliability tests on the pilot results. Incorporation of the CYRM-28 meant that all important aspects of the construct of resilience were covered.…”

“…Examples provided during brainstorming with TSS staff and project investigators, included "being a blackfella from a remote community," "being strong in identity, " as well as "belief TSS support is helping to achieve education. " The questions of the internationally validated Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM) were therefore framed in a way that could be tailored and allocated to sections related to experiences at home and at boarding school (Liebenberg et al, 2011).…”

The resilience-enabling value of African folktales: The read-me-to-resilience intervention

“…This Likert₢type scale is clustered into three sub-scales that reflect a social ecological conceptualisation of resilience. Accordingly, the sub-scales assess: (a) individual resources, including personal skills (e.g., ability to problem-solve, awareness of personal strengths), peer support, and social skills; (b) caregiver relationships, including physical and psychological caregiving; and (c) contextual resources (i.e., connection to culture, religious and spiritual beliefs, and education) (see Liebenberg, Ungar, & Van de Vijver, 2012). We administered the CYRM₢28 both prior to and after the intervention, yielding a set of pre-and post-test data.…”

“…To this end, the first author and a research psychologist coded the visual and narrative data independently and deductively, using the question: 'What resilience-enabling resources do OVC report?' As detailed in Table 1, the deductive codes were based on the resilience-enabling resources measured by the CYRM₢28 (i.e., personal skills, social skill, peer support, physical caregiving, psychological caregiving, spiritual resources, educational resources, and cultural resources; Liebenberg et al, 2012). In addition, to heighten sensitivity to how the aforementioned resources are likely to manifest in a South African context, the coders drew on syntheses of South African resilience studies (Theron, 2012;Theron & Theron, 2010) and a recent South African study that included a diverse sample of black South African children, including OVC living in care facilities (van Breda, 2017).…”

Pathways to educational aspirations: resilience as a mediator of proximal resources and risks

“…Resilience was assessed using a social ecological measure (Masten et al 1999;Rutter 2000), the Child and Youth Resilience Measure -28 (CYRM-28: Liebenberg et al 2012). The 28 items were rated on a 5-point scale from 1 = Does not describe me at all to 5 = Describes me a lot.…”