Validation of the AIDS Prevention Questionnaire: A Brief Self-Report Instrument to Assess Risk of HIV Infection and Guide Behavioral Change

Abstract

This paper describes the process of building and validating the AIDS Prevention Questionnaire (CPS), a brief HIV risk assessment measure. An initial 64-items bank was filled out by 466 young people (192 men and 274 women), aged between 17 and 26 years (M = 20.62; SD = 2.15). The exploratory factor analysis revealed five components: Knowledge about HIV, Condom Attitudes, Intentions of Condom Use, Safe sexual behavior and Stigma and discrimination towards people living with HIV. This structure was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The internal consistency for the different components ranged from .67 to .74. Moreover, CPS has a classification system that allows determining the level of risk. These results support the AIDS Prevention Questionnaire as a valid and reliable measure to detect earlier the risk for HIV infection and to design adjusted preventive interventions.

Personal and Lifestyle Determinants of HIV Transmission Risk in Spanish University Students

“…Those participants over 18 years and those currently employed exhibited more knowledge about HIV. Taking into account that this dimension evaluates the quality and quantity of information that individuals have regarding routes of transmission, risky practices, preventive measures, or the impact of disease in people living with HIV, among others [ 42 ]; access to reliable and adequate information in this regard could be a significant protective factor for HIV transmission, as has been previously demonstrated in studies conducted with young people and people living with HIV [ 44 , 45 , 46 ]. It is likely that older individuals have had more opportunities to receive information about HIV and have developed more motivation and resources to access the information.…”

“…For the analysis of HIV risk, the Spanish version of the AIDS Prevention Questionnaire (CPS) [ 42 ] was employed. This evaluation instrument contains 44 items with different types of scale responses: 14 dichotomous items, 2 multiple-choice items, 24 Likert-type items, and 4 continuous 0–100 items.…”

“…However, it is necessary to evaluate those personal factors and specific characteristics of the lifestyles of young people, which are related to different risk behaviors of HIV transmission. In this sense, a recent review has indicated that information about HIV, attitudes, and self-efficacy in the use of condoms and safe sexual behaviors are the most important dimensions to be evaluated when the risk of HIV needs to be identified [ 42 ]. Hence, in order to advance in the comprehension of the effects of these personal and lifestyle variables in the development of risk of HIV transmission in this population, the present study was aimed to the evaluation of the relationships between these factors in a sample of Spanish university students.…”

Desarrollo de una Escala para Valorar Conocimiento sobre Situaciones y Conductas de Riesgo de Contagio de VIH, en Jóvenes y Adultos Jóvenes en un Contexto Latinoamericano

“…En la literatura existen distintas evaluaciones que miden el conocimiento sobre conductas sexuales de riesgo de infección de VIH, tales como: ( 1 Si bien, la mayoría de ellos cuenta con evidencias psicométricas (Carey & Schroder, 2002;Espada et al, 2009), gran parte de estos han sido elaborados en idiomas distintos del español, no presentan adaptaciones para su aplicación en población sudamericana (e.g Janulis et al, 2018;Pineda-Roa, Campos-Areas,2018; Velo-Higueras., et al 2018) y, las adaptaciones idiomáticas disponibles, corresponden a desarrollos multidimensionales que no refieren específicamente al conocimiento (Bermúdez et al, 2005;Gil-Llario et al, 2018;Paniagua, et al, 1994). Por tanto, cuando se realizan estudios de conocimiento de conductas de riesgo en contextos sudameamericanos, predomina el uso de elaboraciones ad-hoc, entrevistas y/o instrumentos carentes de evidencias de validez (e.g.…”

Factorial Structure and Psychometric Properties of a Brief Scale of the Condom Use Self-Efficacy for Spanish-Speaking People

“…See Supplemental Appendix 1 for the Spanish version of the EBAP (available in the online version of this article). This instrument is part of the AIDS Prevention Questionnaire by Gil-Llario, Ruiz-Palomino, Morell-Mengual, Giménez-García, and Ballester-Arnal (2018), and it is composed of seven statements that evaluate the use of condoms at different moments in a sexual relationship: condom acquisition, condom negotiation before sexual intercourse, ability to put a condom on, stopping at the moment of the highest sexual excitement, and under the effects of alcohol or other recreational drugs. Four experts in health psychology and HIV prevention developed the items in Spanish inspired by the studies by Brafford and Beck (1991); Brien, Thombs, Mahoney, and Wallnau (1994); and Forsyth, Carey, and Fuqua (1997).…”