Validation of farm-scale methane emissions using nocturnal boundary layer budgets

Stieger, J.; Bamberger, Ines; Buchmann, Nina; Eugster, Werner

doi:10.5194/acp-15-14055-2015

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…In practice, each quantification problem is different, and measuring teams have different analytical assets. Ground vehicles are appropriate and widely used for studying locally sourced plumes (e.g., Baillie et al, ) and can be supplemented with UAV (drone) grab‐bag sampling (Brownlow et al, ), or by tethered sampling tubes lifted either by UAVs (Allen et al, ), or pop‐up balloons (Steiger et al, ). Such approaches can yield 3‐D sampling for local‐scale (e.g., site‐specific) flux retrieval using mass balancing approaches to quantify fluxes accurately.…”

Section: Quantification Of Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane Mitigation: Methods to Reduce Emissions, on the Path to the Paris Agreement

Nisbet

Fisher

Lowry

et al. 2020

Reviews of Geophysics

214

131

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The atmospheric methane burden is increasing rapidly, contrary to pathways compatible with the goals of the 2015 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Paris Agreement. Urgent action is required to bring methane back to a pathway more in line with the Paris goals. Emission reduction from “tractable” (easier to mitigate) anthropogenic sources such as the fossil fuel industries and landfills is being much facilitated by technical advances in the past decade, which have radically improved our ability to locate, identify, quantify, and reduce emissions. Measures to reduce emissions from “intractable” (harder to mitigate) anthropogenic sources such as agriculture and biomass burning have received less attention and are also becoming more feasible, including removal from elevated‐methane ambient air near to sources. The wider effort to use microbiological and dietary intervention to reduce emissions from cattle (and humans) is not addressed in detail in this essentially geophysical review. Though they cannot replace the need to reach “net‐zero” emissions of CO2, significant reductions in the methane burden will ease the timescales needed to reach required CO2 reduction targets for any particular future temperature limit. There is no single magic bullet, but implementation of a wide array of mitigation and emission reduction strategies could substantially cut the global methane burden, at a cost that is relatively low compared to the parallel and necessary measures to reduce CO2, and thereby reduce the atmospheric methane burden back toward pathways consistent with the goals of the Paris Agreement.

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Section: Quantification Of Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane Mitigation: Methods to Reduce Emissions, on the Path to the Paris Agreement

Nisbet

Fisher

Lowry

et al. 2020

Reviews of Geophysics

214

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While the global budget is well known, this is not the case for regional to local scales, especially vertical distributions (Dlugokencky et al, 2011). Using tethered balloons, Choularton et al (1995), Beswick et al (1998) and Stieger et al (2015) investigated the vertical methane distribution within the nocturnal boundary layer (NBL) by pulling up a sampling tube.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous multicopter-based air sampling and sensing of meteorological variables

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The state and composition of the lowest part of the planetary boundary layer (PBL), i.e., the atmospheric surface layer (SL), reflects the interactions of external forcing, land surface, vegetation, human influence and the atmosphere. Vertical profiles of atmospheric variables in the SL at high spatial (meters) and temporal (1 Hz and better) resolution increase our understanding of these interactions but are still challenging to measure appropriately. Traditional ground-based observations include towers that often cover only a few measurement heights at a fixed location. At the same time, most remote sensing techniques and aircraft measurements have limitations to achieve sufficient detail close to the ground (up to 50 m). Vertical and horizontal transects of the PBL can be complemented by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Our aim in this case study is to assess the use of a multicopter-type UAV for the spatial sampling of air and simultaneously the sensing of meteorological variables for the study of the surface exchange processes. To this end, a UAV was equipped with onboard air temperature and humidity sensors, while wind conditions were determined from the UAV's flight control sensors. Further, the UAV was used to systematically change the location of a sample inlet connected to a sample tube, allowing the observation of methane abundance using a ground-based analyzer. Vertical methane gradients of about 0.3 ppm were found during stable atmospheric conditions. Our results showed that both methane and meteorological conditions were in agreement with other observations at the site during the ScaleX-2015 campaign. The multicopter-type UAV was capable of simultaneous in situ sensing of meteorological state variables and sampling of air up to 50 m above the surface, which extended the vertical profile height of existing tower-based infrastructure by a factor of 5.

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“…3a and 3b). Typical low wind speeds and stable atmospheric conditions during the nighttime favored the formation of a shallow atmospheric boundary layer, which tends to trap near‐surface gas emissions (Stieger et al, 2015). As a result, CO 2 and CH 4 concentrations tended to be greater at night than during the day when turbulent mixing was more vigorous and the atmospheric boundary layer was deeper.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Herd‐Scale Methane Emissions from Cattle in a Feedlot Using Eddy Covariance Measurements and the Carbon Dioxide Tracer Method

Prajapati

Santos

2019

J of Env Quality

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Measurements of methane (CH4) emissions from ruminants could provide invaluable data to reduce uncertainties in the global CH4 budget and to evaluate mitigation strategies to lower greenhouse gas emissions. The main objective of this study was to evaluate a new CO2 tracer (CO2T) approach that combined CH4 and CO2 atmospheric concentrations with eddy covariance (EC) CO2 flux measurements to estimate CH4 emissions from cattle in a feedlot. A closed‐path EC system was used to measure CH4 and CO2 fluxes from a feedlot in Kansas. The EC flux measurements were scaled from landscape to animal scale using footprint analyses. Emissions of CH4 from the cattle were also estimated using the CO2T approach and measured CO2 and CH4 concentration, and scaled EC CO2 fluxes. The CH4 and CO2 concentration ratios showed a distinct diel trend with greater values during the daytime. Average monthly CH4 emission estimates using the CO2T approach ranged from 72 to 127 g animal−1 d−1, which was consistent with the values reported in other studies that had similar animal characteristics. The CO2T method CH4 emission estimates showed good agreement with scaled CH4 EC fluxes (slope = 0.9 and R2 = 0.8) for cold and dry months. However, the agreement between the two techniques was significantly reduced (slope = 1.5 and R2 = 0.6) during wet and warm months. On average, the CO2T method CH4 emission estimates were 3% greater than the EC CH4 emissions. Overall, our results suggest that the CO2T method can be used to estimate enteric feedlot CH4 emissions. Core Ideas The CO2 tracer method (CO2T) was used to estimate enteric CH4 emissions in a feedlot. The CO2T method estimates were in good agreement with eddy covariance (EC) measurements. The agreement between CO2T and EC method was reduced during the wet and warm months.

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Validation of farm-scale methane emissions using nocturnal boundary layer budgets

Cited by 20 publications

References 63 publications

Methane Mitigation: Methods to Reduce Emissions, on the Path to the Paris Agreement

Methane Mitigation: Methods to Reduce Emissions, on the Path to the Paris Agreement

Simultaneous multicopter-based air sampling and sensing of meteorological variables

Estimating Herd‐Scale Methane Emissions from Cattle in a Feedlot Using Eddy Covariance Measurements and the Carbon Dioxide Tracer Method

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